Every year the rhythm of life is getting faster. People in big cities live in a crazy mode, in the morning they rush to work, from work to home, to kindergarten for a child or to the gym. Hurry everywhere and everywhere, because so many things are planned. The desire to do everything quickly turned into our speech.
Abbreviations in Russian speech
To speed up writing or save memory on the media, they began to use more and more abbreviations when writing, which also passed into oral speech. At least two letters from words, but will be deleted:
- "Step on the gas/brake" - step on the gas/brake pedal.
- "Magaz" - shop.
- "TV" - TV.
- "Photo" - photograph.
- "Infa" - information.
- "Laptop" or "beech" - notebook (laptop - portable personal computer).
- "X/z" - "hell knows".
When writing, they also use abbreviations:
- Spsb - thank you
- Please please
- "Prv" - hello and many others.
There are abbreviations officially accepted and enshrined in academic reference books:
- "I.e." – i.e.
- "Etc." – so on
- "Etc." – the like
- "Km" - kilometer
- "V/h" - military unit and many others.
Imagine how difficult it is for a foreigner not only to learn these words, but also to figure out what they mean!
The English language also lacks abbreviations and abbreviations, and it is difficult for the uninitiated to understand the secrets of the language.
Abbreviated words in English
It is customary in Western countries to refer to people by emphasizing their social status, age, gender and level of education.
The most common abbreviations Dr, Mr, Mrs, Miss, Ms are used before the first or last name. In Russian, social status is not emphasized.
The difference between Miss, Mrs, Ms, Dr, Mr lies in determining the social status of a woman (married or single), belonging to the male sex and having an academic degree.
Mr can be understood to mean "mr" (mɪstər) or "master" when referring to a male person of any age, whether married or not, and without a degree. Used with a surname: Mr Holmes is a detective - Mr. Holmes is a detective.
Dr is an address for a man or woman who has a scientific degree or medical practice (in the Russian Federation, this is a candidate or doctor of science). For example: Dr Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend - Dr. Watson is a friend of Sherlock Holmes.
All abbreviations Dr, Mr, Mrs,Miss, Ms in British English are written without a dot, in American English with a dot. For example: Mr.
Appeal to a woman
But the difference between Miss, Mrs, Ms is almost the same as it was customary in pre-revolutionary Russia: when referring to unmarried girls - "young lady", and "madame" - to married ladies. It's hard to figure it out if you haven't studied the language, but nothing is impossible.
Between Miss, Mrs, Ms what is the difference? Everything is elementary! The address Miss is taken in relation to unmarried girls, when you are sure that she does not have a marital relationship, and it does not matter how old the girl is - 1 year or 90 years old. Pronounced "miss" (mɪs), the indication is before the surname: Good afternoon, Miss Wood! - Good afternoon, Miss Wood!
Again, Miss refers to a saleswoman, a maid and a teacher, even if she is married. This is because only unmarried women could teach before.
At first glance, the difference between Miss, Mrs, Ms is small, but it is.
For a married woman using her husband's surname, the address Mrs (Mɪsɪz - "misiz") is accepted from the word Mistress - Mrs. or Mrs., mistress, mistress, woman with family: Mrs Johns is a housewife. Mrs. Jones is a housewife.
Mrs can also refer to divorced women or widows who use their first and maiden name after Missis.
The meaning of the difference between Miss, Mrs, Ms can only be understood by reading British newspapers or books on etiquette, where more and morea woman is addressed Ms (mɪz, məz) - "miz" from the word Mistress does not depend on whether she has a husband. This is simply an indication of belonging to the female sex. If you don't know if a girl is married and don't want to offend her, feel free to call her Ms! There is no need to guess whether she changed her last name or not - the woman herself will correct the form of address, if she sees fit. This is the correct neutral address in English-speaking countries, a common greeting in business, an appeal to a woman emphasizing her equal rights with men.
Official Appeal
Introduced in the 1950s, Ms was coined in the 1970s to refer to feminists.
Miss, Mrs, Ms - the difference when referring to the female gender, adopted in Western countries, where status is given great importance. This abbreviation is also placed before the last name or estate: Ms Jane Clark has got a nice car! - Jane Clark has a nice car!
In newspapers and magazines, this is a common address policy. Even Judith Martin, Miss Impeccable Manners, recommends this form of greeting for women in her books on etiquette.
Between Miss, Mrs, Ms the difference exists only in an official setting, during a business meeting and communication of unfamiliar people. When talking with friends and relatives, just names and surnames are used without a word indicating a social status or just affectionate words.
