The ability of one word to mean several completely unrelated concepts at once is the scourge of any person who decides to study foreign languages. As an example, let's look at the different ways in which the word "saw" is interpreted. After all, it can be both nouns and verbs. And to better emphasize the difference, let's make a morphological, morphemic and phonetic analysis of it.
Saw - what is it?
In Russian, this term as a noun has the following main meaning. This is the name of a tool designed for cutting (sawing) into parts of solid objects. Most often, saws are used when working with wood or metal. Often they are used when working with ceramic tiles, bricks, etc.
As a rule, the cutting part of this tool is made of hardened steel and other high-strength alloys, as well as artificial diamonds. In order to save money, the surface of the blade is often simply coated with a particularly durablesprayed.
Most saws have an identical design. It is either a steel strip or a rotating cutting disc with teeth on the edges.
There are several types of such devices.
- Hand saw is a rectangular steel plate with a handle. Holding on to it, a person cuts an object, moving the tool back and forth. Thus, it sinks the teeth deeper into the material with each stroke.
- The bow saw is one of the varieties of hand tools. However. unlike the previous view, this one has a handle made in the form of an arc or a frame, and the blade itself is thinner.
- Mechanical saw is powered by a motor. It is also usually equipped with an automatic material feeder. This type is more bulky (compared to the previous ones), but its efficiency is higher.
- A band saw is an electrical appliance that uses a thin, pointed metal plate.
- A circular saw has a steel wheel with pointed teeth instead of a rectangular blade. This tool is powered by electricity or a battery. This type is also called a circular saw.
- The machine saw is also usually equipped with a cutting disc. However, unlike a conventional circular, it is closer in its design to the machine.
Figurative meaning of the word
In addition to its direct meaning, this noun is often used figuratively.
Saw is calleda grumpy personality who, with his unbearable character and nit-picking, constantly torments and “nags” those around him.
For example: “If I knew what kind of saw my mother-in-law could be, I would remain a bachelor for life.”
There is a misconception that only women are called this way, but in fact, a bad temper is characteristic of all genders, as well as nationalities. Therefore, characterizing picky men, you can also use this word. However, in this case, they usually say "saw man".
Saw film series
In addition to all of the above, the noun in question is also the name of the highest-grossing horror film series in human history.
Nine films of this series have already been shot. Moreover, the debut of them is a short film for 9.5 minutes. All other eight parts are full-length horror films.
At the center of all the events of "Saw" - the actions of a clever maniac and his followers, who kidnap people and force them to participate in a deadly game of survival.
Two video games based on this franchise have also been released:
Saw: The Video Game, Saw II: Flesh & Blood.
Saw as a verb
As it was said at the beginning, the studied word can act not only as a noun, but also as a verb. It is the feminine past tense of "to drink" (to drink or take medicine).
For example: “What did I drink yesterday that my head hurts so much today?” SoThus, it turns out that the verb "saw" is a homoform (when words are not always homonyms, but only in a certain form) of the noun "saw".
Morphological analysis of the word "saw"
Having considered all the meanings of the term under study, it is worth analyzing it according to different criteria.
First of all, you should give a grammatical description of this word, that is, conduct its morphological analysis.
So, "saw" is an inanimate feminine noun (in the singular) in the nominative case. In this form, it coincides with the initial form - “saw”.
This word is declined not only by numbers, but also by cases. In the singular, it has the following forms.
S.p.: saw.
R.p.: saws.
F.p.: saw.
V.p.: saw.
Etc.: saw/saw.
P.p.: pile.
In the plural, the noun saw changes in cases like this.
I.p.: saws.
R.p.: drinking.
F.p.: Pilam.
V.p.: saws.
Etc.: saws.
P.p.: about saws.
Having carried out the morphological analysis of the noun, it is also worth analyzing its homoform verb.
So, this word is a transitive verb in the personal form. It is feminine, singular, past tense, imperfective, active.
The infinitive of this word is the verb "drink".
Saw Phonetic Analysis
Giving a grammatical description of the term being studied (and hownoun, and as a verb) should characterize all the sounds in the word "saw".
Its phonetic transcription is as follows: [p'ilaʹ].
The studied name consists of two open syllables: pi-la. It has four letters and the same number of sounds. Let's take a look at each one.
The letter "p" in the word gives a consonant, soft, deaf, double sound [p']. He acquired his softness thanks to the following vowel [and].
The letter "i" gives an unstressed, unlabialized vowel sound [and]. If we are talking about a verb, then the test word for determining the vowel (e or u) will be the infinitive - "drink". It has [and] under stress.
The letter "l" in this term is an unpaired, voiced, sonorous, solid consonant sound [l].
The letter "a" in this example is a stressed, non-labialized vowel sound [a].
Parse by word composition
If the phonetic transcription of the verb and the noun "saw" look the same, then morphemic analysis can reveal their differences.
So, in this noun the stem is "drank" and the ending is "a". The root of this word coincides with its basis - "drank".
If we are talking about a verb, then in it the ending will again be “a”. But the “pi” part will become the basis and root. But "l" is a formative suffix of the past tense, which, moreover, is not part of the stem.
