The Abel Prize is similar to the Nobel Prize, but with the only difference being that mathematicians cannot receive the latter. This award was established especially for them in 2002 in Norway. Since 2003, it has been awarded to the best mathematicians of our time. This award is named after the famous scientist Niels Abel.
Why was the award created?
N. X. Abel made a very serious contribution to the development of mathematical knowledge. He became the founder of the so-called theory of elliptic functions and made a huge contribution to the theory of series. The scientist lived only 26 years. In honor of the bicentenary of his birth, the Norwegian government decided to allocate a decent amount (200 million NOK) so that the Abel Prize was established. It was created not only to reward outstanding mathematicians. Another of her goals was to popularize mathematics among the younger generation.
Pierre Deligne is the winner of 2013
Who was this award given to? In 2013, the Abel Prize was received by the Belgian mathematician Pierre Deligne for his contribution to algebraic geometry, the transformation of number theory, representations and related fields.
Deligne was born in the city of Brussels and graduated from the Free University of Brussels. Afteras a researcher he defended his doctoral dissertation, he began working at the Institute of Higher Folk Studies.
The most famous achievement of Pierre Deligne is the proof of Weyl's third conjecture, for which he is considered one of the strongest mathematicians on the planet. In the period from 1970 to 1984, the scientist worked at Princeton University in the USA. In 2006, the King of Belgium granted Deligne the status of viscount, making him a nobleman. Now Pierre Deligne is a member of the French Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences of America, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In Russia, Pierre Deligne is treated with special warmth. After all, scientists established the Deligne Prize, which young gifted mathematicians could receive in 2005-2009. After that, the Dynasty Foundation took over the support of young talents.
2014 Abel Prize: James Sinai
In 2014, the prestigious award was received by Russian mathematician Yakov Sinai, who is a fellow at Princeton University, as well as the Institute for Theoretical Physics. Landau. The award committee indicates that Yakov Sinai has achieved significant results in such areas as dynamical systems, mathematical physics and probability theory. The scientist was born in 1935 in Moscow into a family of biologists. In 1957 he graduated from Moscow State University. Lomonosov. Since 1971 he has been a professor at Moscow State University, and also works at the Institute of Theoretical Physics. Landau Yakov Sinai. The Abel Prize was awarded to a scientist at the age of 78. Sinai has published more than 250 scientific articles and has also writtensome books. Yakov Grigorievich Sinai is now considered one of the leading mathematicians in the world. Many of his works are at the intersection of mathematics and physics.
2015 Winner - John Forbes Nash
On May 19, 2015, the Abel Prize was awarded to a mathematician named John Forbes Nash. The scientist received the award along with Louis Nirenberg. On May 23 of the same year, the scientist died with his wife in a car accident. At that time he was 86 years old. In 1994, John Nash was also awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics for his work on so-called non-cooperative games. The Norwegian Prize was awarded to the scientist for his contribution to the study of nonlinear differential equations. One of Nash's main achievements was game theory, which studies the most optimal strategies. And also one of his greatest discoveries was the theory of equilibrium.
The scientist gained wide popularity among the masses after he became the hero of a film called "A Beautiful Mind". His biography attracted screenwriters, since John Nash, being a brilliant mathematician, suffered from schizophrenia. The film shows the struggle of a scientist with a disease.
Unlike John Nash, who liked to work alone, Louis Nirenberg made almost 90% of his achievements together with his colleagues. He achieved great results in the theory of differential equations. Many of the derivatives are named after Nirenberg and his colleagues. Despite the fact that the Abel Prize in mathematics was received by Nash andNirenberg, they never worked together. However, their achievements had a great impact both on each other and on mathematics in general.
Andrew Wiles: Proof of Fermat's Theorem
In 2016, the Abel Prize was received by English mathematician Andrew Wiles for his successful proof of Fermat's Theorem. Now the scientist is already 63 years old. He received his education at Cambridge and Oxford. Wiles was born to an English priest who also worked as a professor of theology at the University of Cambridge. The mathematician himself worked for 30 years in America, teaching mathematics at Princeton. Wiles now works at Oxford University. At present, he has about 15 awards for achievements in the field of mathematics. Andrew Wiles was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
