The great battle of Rymnik in historical chronicles is one of the events of the Russian-Turkish war, which lasted from 1787 to 1791. It is considered one of the main battles of this period and the most outstanding victory of General Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov. For her, he received special awards from both Empress Catherine II and the Austrian Emperor Joseph II.
Historical background to the battle
The military campaign lasted for a year (since 1788). Before the battle of Rymnik took place, Russian troops concluded an alliance treaty with Austria. At that time, the empire was in parallel at war with the Swedes. They considered that the enemy would not be able to break into two fronts, so they wanted to gain a foothold in the B altic. Despite the fact that Austria was an allied country, it also had its own interest in this. If Russia started to lose the battle, then it could well start a military operation to seize territories.
Based on all of the above, the Third Field Army was created, commandwhich was handed over to Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky. After that, the Southern Army appeared, which was formed from the Yekaterinoslav and Ukrainian armies. The command was taken by Field Marshal Potemkin. A whole corps was given from Austria, commanded by Field Marshal Prince Saalfeld Friedrich Coburg of Saxony. The location of the Prussian corps was the river Seret. The command of the third division was transferred to General Suvorov. To act, in which case, he should have been with the Coburg corps.
On the part of the Turks there was a thorough preparation for the battle. Yusuf Pasha, who commanded the troops of the Sultan, gathered a large army in the lower reaches of the Danube. The first blow was supposed to be behind them and precisely on the Austrian corps. However, opponents learned about all these movements. Suvorov immediately moved to the aid of the Austrians. This led to the fact that at the hour of the decisive battle of Focsani, the allied forces were together, which led the Turks into confusion. As a result, the Austrians and Russians won.
It was this defeat of the Turks that led the Prussian government not to sign a peace treaty with the Sultan. The Emperor of Austria was very pleased with the victory.
Next, we will take a closer look at the Battle of Rymnik, the year of which falls on 1789.
Who led the battle
In this Turkish-Russian war, Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov became famous as a great commander. He was from a noble family, his father was also a military man. Despite the fact that in childhood he was rather painful, later he was able to achieve great achievements. A. V. Suvorov was considered unusualnobleman, to some he even seemed like an eccentric.
On his account quite a lot of different battles, the commander developed his own system of training and education of troops. She was later adopted for training young soldiers.
And, of course, his actions during the Battle of Rymnik were outstanding. The commander acted the army competently, quickly and without the slightest hesitation. Subsequently, it was this battle that was noted by contemporaries as one of the most outstanding.
Actions of the Russian Empire before the battle
The battle on Rymnik itself happened because the commander insisted to the command to continue the offensive after the victory at Focsani. Of course, this did not happen immediately, as Repnin hesitated.
The matter was decided by the fact that the Turks became more active, about which Suvorov was informed by the commander of the Austrian corps Coburg. This led to the fact that on September 8, Suvorov advanced to meet the Prussian prince and his army. The unification took place on the tenth of September. Before the battle began on the Rymnik River, the commander Suvorov took command. It was decided to attack the enemy.
Of course, before that, they conducted reconnaissance and found out all the locations of the Turkish troops. They were quite far apart, which was a mistake of the strategic command. A plan was adopted to reduce the enemy troops even before the main battle.
Turkish actions
While the command of the Russian Empire was considering their actions, Yusuf Pasha let down histroops to the lower reaches of the Danube, namely to the Brail fortress. Before the battle of Rymnik began, an army came here, numbering about one hundred thousand soldiers. Another corps of Turkish soldiers, commanded by Gassan Pasha, distracted Repnin's group so that he could not strike from the flank.
Yusuf Pasha organized several camps. The main one was located near the Kryngu-Meylor forest, the rest were located near other villages.
Battle
Allied Austrian troops were to cross the Rymna River and attack two Turkish camps. They set out on the night of the tenth of September in two columns. At dawn, the Austrians and Russians were in place near the Tyrgo-Kukulsky camp. The Turks did not notice their approach. The assault on the Turkish camp has begun.
A. V. Suvorov simultaneously with the Prussian soldiers hit the enemy troops. The battle went quite successfully and after a while ended with the complete defeat of the two camps. After that, the Turks fled towards the third, but Suvorov ordered them not to be pursued, since after many hours of battle the army was very exhausted. In addition, the defeat of the enemy was impressive.
Losses of two armies
The battle on the Rymnik River brought many casu alties. After a short rest on the twelfth of September, the Russian and Prussian troops approached the last Turkish camp. It was already abandoned, and the soldiers and the vizier retreated to the Buzeo River. Here Yusuf Pasha showed himself from a disgusting side. He left his army to the mercy of fate, crossing with the vanguard and orderingdestroy the crossing. The army tried to cross the river on its own or with the help of rafts. Only about fifteen thousand soldiers returned home.
The defeat was indeed crushing. About twenty thousand soldiers were killed, about four hundred people were captured. Of the equipment, we lost eighty guns and mortars, almost all military equipment that turned out to be abandoned, as well as traction - horses and mules.
Russian troops, despite their small numbers compared to the Turks, lost only 179 people killed and wounded. And the Austrian corps lost about five hundred soldiers.
Events that happened after the battle
The battle on the Rymnik River turned out to be a historical event and turned the tide of history. Because of this, the Turkish troops were greatly demoralized, and the Russian Empire acquired an ally in the person of the Austrian state.
After the battle, Suvorov was presented for the award. He received the Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George, First Class. From the Empress he was granted the title of Count of Rymnik. The Austrian emperor also received awards. Suvorov received the title of count of the Holy Roman Empire.
In addition, the most distinguished commanders were also awarded, such as Prince Shakhovsky, Lieutenant General Derfelden, Colonels Miklashevsky, Sherstnev and many others.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we can say that the battle of Rymnik showed true valorRussian people, as well as the experience of Russian commanders. In historical chronicles, the memories of Austrian soldiers about their allied forces remained. They mentioned that the Suvorov warriors completely obey their commander, are loyal to him and fight very bravely and purposefully. Is this not evidence of the valor of a Russian soldier?
