In recent years, the Russian language has been actively replenished with new words. And most of these words are complex. They are called so not only because people have difficulty in writing them, but because they consist of several roots.
Compound words in the language are very convenient, because they allow you to more accurately and concisely name an object or phenomenon, for example: "round-the-clock", "pale-faced", "car repair". Why are these words so hard to spell?
Most often, compound words of the Russian language are formed by merging two words into a phrase. The difficulty in this case is the inability to distinguish between the phrase and the compound word formed from it, for example, "strongly acting" and "strongly acting".
You need to distinguish them not only by meaning, but also by intonation: a compound word has no stress on the first word. In addition, in a phrase, words can be swapped and moved to another place in a sentence. In this case, in order to understand that you have a phrase in front of you, you can put a question to the word and find the dependent word.
If compound words are formed from two nouns,then the resulting word will be written with a hyphen. For example: "sofa bed", "chef" and others. But most often, compound words are formed by adding full or truncated stems. Usually such words are written together: "power station", "kindergarten".
The most difficult words are adjectives formed by addition. They can
spelled both together and with a hyphen. With the help of a hyphen, adjectives denoting color are written - "pale blue", words formed from nouns that are written with a hyphen - "social democratic", parts of the word that are not related to each other - "gardening". But these rules do not apply to all words. Many compound words are also difficult to spell, as it is difficult to know whether to write them together, separately, or with a hyphen.
Why is this happening? The basic spelling rules were created in the middle of the 20th century, but after that a huge number of new words were formed in the Russian language. There is a new explanation for writing a hyphen in compound words. Scientists have noticed that if the first part of the word has a suffix, then a hyphen is placed after it, for example: "fruit and berry", "Northern Russian".
Compound words are the longest in Russian. If ordinary words do not exceed 10 letters, then in complex words the number of letters is 20-30, and sometimes more. Most often, the longest words are different terms and special concepts, for example, "literarylinguistic". There are especially a lot of very long words in chemistry. But even among the commonly used ones there are long ones: "misanthropy", "private entrepreneurship". These words are difficult not only in spelling, but also in pronunciation: rarely will anyone pronounce them without hesitation the first time.
Sometimes compound words formed by adding several stems are abbreviated and called compound abbreviations. These are usually written in capital letters, for example: "MSU", "KVN".
Complex words are indispensable these days, so it's important to know how to spell them correctly.
