China is a modern and promising country, which in recent years has taken a leading position not only in the world market, but also in the field of culture and science. From our article you will learn how the education system in China developed from antiquity to the present day. We will also tell you about the most important universities in the country and how foreigners can enroll in them.
Education in ancient China
Since ancient times, the Chinese have been kind to everything related to knowledge and study. Teachers, scientists, philosophers and poets were respected people, often holding high positions in the state system. Children received their initial knowledge in the family - they were taught to respect elders and follow the norms of behavior in society. In we althy families, kids from the age of three were taught counting and writing. From the age of six, the boys went to school, where they learned the art of weapons, horseback riding, music and writing hieroglyphs. In big citiesschoolchildren could go through two stages of education - primary and higher. Usually the children of the nobility and we althy citizens studied here, since the cost of classes was quite high. In rural schools, students sat behind books all day long, did not know holidays and fun games. Corporal punishment was also not uncommon - instead of flowers, the children carried a bamboo stick to the teacher, however, in a beautiful package. However, the knowledge that they received within the walls of the school was rather meager. The students were taught that China is the whole world, and the children had a vague idea of what was happening in neighboring countries. I would like to note that the way to school was ordered for the girls, as they were being prepared for the role of wife and mother of the family. But in noble families, girls learned to read and write, dance, play musical instruments and even own some types of weapons. With the popularization of the teachings of Confucius, the history of the formation of China moved to a new level. For the first time, students were treated with respect, taught to ask questions and find answers to them. The new approach contributed to fostering respect for the educational sciences, and contributed to the fact that education became an integral part of public policy.
China's education system
Today, the government of this great country is doing everything so that citizens can learn. This despite the fact that in the middle of the last century, 80% of the population was illiterate. Thanks to government programs, schools, technical colleges and higher education institutions are actively opening across the country. However, the problem persists in rural areas,where people still live according to ancient traditions. The main feature of education in China is that education at all levels can be obtained free of charge. The system itself is very similar to the Russian one. That is, from the age of three, kids go to kindergarten, from the age of six to school, and after graduation, to an institute or vocational school. Let's consider all the steps in more detail.
Preschool education in China
As you know, most families in this country are raising one child each. That is why parents are glad that kids can be brought up in a children's team. Kindergartens in China are divided into public and private. In the first place, much attention is paid to preparing for school, and secondly, to the development of creative abilities. Additional activities such as dancing and music are usually paid separately. Much of the knowledge that children receive in kindergartens can be applied in practice. So, for example, they learn to plant plants and take care of them. Together with the teacher, they cook food and learn how to repair clothes. We can see an original approach to education in the Junin network of private kindergartens. A whole team of teachers, led by Chairman Wang Huning, developed a unified curriculum for children.
School in China
Before entering the first grade, children undergo a series of tests, and then get involved in serious work. Even the youngest students are not treated with favors here, and parents often have to hire tutors. School education in China is built in such a way that children constantly have to compete with each other for the title of the best. Therefore, it is not surprising that the loads in all classes are simply huge. At the end of the seventh grade, all students take an exam that will determine whether the child is ready for higher education. If not, then the road to further education, and subsequently to a prestigious job, will be closed to him. Before entering a university, students take a unified state exam, which is held throughout the country at the same time (By the way, this idea was borrowed and successfully implemented in Russia). Every year, more and more Chinese people successfully pass exams in prestigious universities around the world. They are welcome as these students are very diligent, focused and take their studies very seriously.
Like other educational institutions in China, schools are not only public, but also private. Foreigners can enter any of them by passing the required exams. It is usually much easier to enter a private school, and education is often conducted in two languages (one of them is English). There is a school in China where they teach in Russian and Chinese, and it is located in the city of Yining.
Secondary education
As in Russia, there are vocational schools that train students of the chosen profession. The main areas of secondary education in China are agriculture, medicine, law, pharmaceuticals, and so on. In three or four years, young people get a profession and can start working. Foreigners enrolled in such educational institutions master the language for the first year, and devote the rest of the time to study.
Higher education
There are many public universities in the country that accept students based on the results of school exams. Education here is paid, but the prices are relatively low. However, residents of rural areas often feel that even this fee is high, and they are forced to take out loans for education. If a young specialist agrees to return to the outback after graduating from the university, then he will not have to return the money. If he is ambitious and plans to start his own business in the city, then the debt will have to be repaid in full. Higher education in China can be obtained by any foreign student who has passed a language test. Moreover, he can choose a program in English, learn Chinese in parallel. To facilitate the adaptation of such students, preparatory language courses are often opened for them. After a year or two of intensive training, a student can move on to study in a speci alty.
Universities
Let's consider the most popular and prestigious universities in the country:
- Peking University is the country's oldest educational institution located in the Haidan area, one of the most beautiful places on earth. Amazing gardens, which used to belong to the imperial dynasty, make an indelible impression on tourists. The campus itself consists of educational buildings, hostels, cafes, restaurants,shops and leisure centers. The local library is the largest in Asia.
- Fudan University is one of the oldest in the country. Known for being the first to replace the semester system with "levels" and proving that this approach is the most effective. In addition, the teachers of this university aim to unlock the potential of students in order to send young talents to serve their country.
- Tsinghua is one of the best technical universities in China, which is also one of the top 100 universities in the world. Among his students are many famous scientists, politicians and public figures.
Conclusion
As you can see, the path of education in China is very similar to that of students in Russia. We hope that the information we have collected will be useful to you if you decide to become a student of one of the educational institutions in the country.
