The adjective expresses the attribute of an object, describes it in terms of shape, color, quality, origin and other characteristics. They are also called epithets. Interestingly, in English, adjectives do not change by number, gender, or case.
Views
There are two types of adjectives in English. Consider each separately:
1. Qualitative - talk about the size, taste, shape, color of the object. For example:
- great [great] - big, huge, large;
- low [low] - low, low;
- square [skuee] - square, rectangular;
- soft [soft] - soft, gentle;
- sweet [suite] - sweet, cloying;
- spicy [ˈspicy] - spicy, fragrant;
- blue [blue] - blue, blue;
- color [ˈkale] - color, color.
2. Relative - explain what the object is made of, its origin, location, belonging to something. These adjectives do not have degrees of comparison. For example:
- stone [stone] - stone, stone;
- apple [ˈepl] - apple, apple;
- Russian [ˈrashen] - Russian;
- Latin [ˈlatin] - Latin, Romance;
- south [south] - south;
- underwater [ˈandeˈuote] - underwater;
- student [ˈstudent] - student;
- economic [ˌikeˈnomic] - economic.
Derivation
In English, adjectives are also divided according to the ways of word formation:
1. Simple - consist only of the root, do not have a prefix and suffix. For example:
- long [long] - long;
- nice [nice] - cute;
- red [ed] - red.
2. Derivatives - are formed by adding a prefix and / or suffix. For example:
- wonderful [ˈuandeful] - wonderful;
- unusual [anˈyuzhuel] - unusual;
- incorrect [ˌinkeˈrect] - wrong.
3. Complex (composite) - consist of two bases. These adjectives are written with a hyphen. For example:
- alcohol-free [ˈelkehol-free] - non-alcoholic;
- black-white [black white] - black and white;
- well-known [well-known] - well-known.
Sentence order
In English, adjectives are used in a certain sequence:
1. Most of them come before a noun in a sentence. For example:
- I read an amazing story yesterday. – I read an amazing story yesterday.
- You have great hair. - By yougorgeous hair.
2. If in a sentence English adjectives refer to an indefinite pronoun, then they are used after it. For example:
- Today it will be something interesting. – There will be something interesting today.
- I didn't see anything unusual. – I didn't see anything out of the ordinary.
3. If there are several adjectives, then they are put in a certain sequence:
1) Article, numeral:
- second [ˈsecond] - second;
- the [ze] - this one, the same one.
2) Opinion, rating:
- pleasant [ˈpleasant] - pleasant;
- fearful [ˈfieful] - scary.
3) Size:
- high [high] - high;
- short [shot] - short.
4) Condition, characteristic:
- warm [wom] - warm;
- special [ˈspecial] - special.
5) Age:
- olden [ˈolden] - ancient;
- juvenile [ˈjuvinile] - young.
6) Shape:
- chubby [ˈchabi] - chubby;
- rectangle [ˈrecˌtangle] - rectangular.
7) Color:
- pink [pink] - pink;
- green [green] - green.
8) Origin:
- Korean [keˈrien] - Korean;
- Latvian [ˈlatvien] - Latvian.
9) Material:
- glass [voice] - glass;
- wooden [ˈuudn] - wood.
10) Usage:
- cooking [ˈkukin] - culinary;
- schooling [ˈskulin] - school.
For example: Today in the garden I saw two beautiful little red squirrels. – Today I saw two beautiful little red squirrels in the garden.
Learn adjectives in English. Try to remember the rules for their use. Through the correct use of adjectives, your foreign speech will become more expressive and brighter.
