We are not at all surprised that at birth children cannot speak, and by the age of one they speak their first words, by three they have connected sentences, by six they learn to read and write.
We may well have no idea about the grammar of our native language, but at the same time we can communicate freely in it. Perhaps if you ask people on the street what a pronoun is, most will answer at best: "I, you …". And this does not interfere with their life in the least.
However, the situation is different with the study of a foreign language. For a logical understanding of the rules, it is simply necessary to know the answer to the question "what is a pronoun and other parts of speech?" And then we learn that, it turns out, pronoun is a word that does not call an object or its attributes, but point to it. It is simply impossible to do without them in any conversation, and even more so in writing, where the tautology is even more visible,after all, pronouns serve as a substitute for other nominal parts of speech - nouns, adjectives, numerals.
According to statistics, 30% of our oral and 20% of written speech consists only of pronouns, and in the most detailed grammatical reference books of the Russian language, pronouns have 20 digits. However, in the table for ease of understanding, only the main classes of Russian pronouns are presented, as well as examples for each of them.
| Pronoun class | Examples | |
| 1 | Private | me, you, we |
| 2 | Returnable | myself |
| 3 | Possessive | mine, yours, his, theirs |
| 4 | Undefined | somewhere, someone, something |
| 5 | Negative | nowhere, nobody, never |
| 6 | Interrogative relative | where, when, what |
| 7 | Meaning "not this one" | other, otherwise |
| 8 | Indicative | this, that, such, so |
| 9 | Amplifiers | himself, the most |
| 10 | Totalities | all, everything, everywhere |
| 11 | Mutual | one to another, to each other |
Pronouns in Russian and German almost completely coincide, more often confusion arises with their gender, because German and Russian nouns denoting the same subject sometimes have a completely different gender. Therefore, there is no need to explain once again what a pronoun is in German. It is better to pay attention to the declension of pronouns. In German, each class has its own characteristics, as, indeed, in Russian, we just don’t think about it.
| Case | me | you | he | it | she | we | you | they | You |
| Nominativ | ich | du | er | es | sie | wir | ihr | sie | Sie |
| Genetiv | meiner | deiner | seiner | seiner | ihrer | unser | euer | ihrer | Ihrer |
| Dativ | mir | dir | ihm | ihm | ihr | unser | euch | ihnen | Ihnen |
| Akkusativ | mich | dich | ihn | es | sie | wir | euch | sie | Sie |
As you can see from the table,the endings in the cases of personal pronouns in German and in Russian almost completely coincide. At the same time, their declension resembles a definite article, and as for the genitive case, which is difficult to remember, it is practically not used. Derivatives of personal pronouns are possessive pronouns. In German, everything here is even more logical than in Russian: their endings are similar to the declension of the definite article, and in the plural - the indefinite article.
| Case | Masculinum | Femininum | Neutrum | Plural |
| Nominativ | mein Mund | dein e Nase | sein Körper | unser e Auge |
| Genetiv | mein es Mund es | dein er Nase | sein es Körper s | unser er Auge |
| Dativ | mein em Mund | dein er Nase | sein em Körper | unser en Auge |
| Akkusativ | mein en Mund | dein e Nase | sein Körper | unser e Auge |
Now that we have learned what a pronoun is and how they change by case and gender, and have learned this information, the topic of declension will definitely become much easier, and over time we will not have any problems using endings inspoken and written.
