Sometimes we use certain words without understanding their meaning. When learning new terminology, it is necessary to be aware of the correct meaning and use of definitions in life. In the article you will learn what the term "explicitly" means. This word is not very common, but you may encounter it.
What is this?
The term "explicitly" comes from the French word explicite, which means "definitely", "clearly, "explicitly". Basically, the use of this concept is applicable in linguistics and psychology. Explicitly is what is open, in access, clear. For example:
The main issue in his work was not expressed explicitly for readers. (Explanation: "The main issue has not been opened/comprehensible to the reader")
Explicitly - this is something external, superficial. Its completely opposite meaning will be the definition of "implicitly", which means "confusing", "incomprehensible", "implicitly". For example:
This whole story is implicit. (Explanation: "History is confusing, incomprehensible")
Synonyms for"explicitly" is "expressed", "explicitly". "Implicitly" will be considered an antonym for this word.
Explicit memory
Back in 1967, the American scientist and psychologist Richard Reber conducted an experiment. He showed a group of people a sequence of letters, compiled according to a certain algorithm. For the purity of the experiment, the participants did not know anything about the algorithm. But still, people caught the pattern, albeit subconsciously, and easily recognized other combinations of letters built on the same principle. So Reber found out that there are two main types of memory:
- Implicit is an unconscious memory based on skills, reflexes, memorization. For example, a father in early childhood spoke to his daughter in English. When she went to school and began to learn this foreign language, the words in the girl's head began to reproduce themselves.
- Explicit memory is when we remember something consciously. It usually takes effort and time to replay something from the past in your head. For example, in an exam, we are trying to remember previously studied material.
Canadian cognitive psychologist Endel Tulving believes there are two types of explicit memory:
- Semantic is commonly used vocabulary, general knowledge.
- Autobiographical - these are memories of episodes from our lives. They are usually tied to a specific place and time period.
Explicit approach
There are several approaches to teaching grammar and vocabulary of foreign languages. One of them is explicit. What is its essence? This approach is based on rules. It is divided into two types:
- Deductive involves first learning the rules and then doing the exercises, that is, the process goes from the general to the particular.
- Inductive is from the particular to the general. The teacher gives the text with new grammar rules. The student must review and analyze it. Then, based on the context, try to formulate a new rule.
Both approaches have both advantages and disadvantages. The deductive method allows you to form skills and abilities, as well as bring them to automatism. Inductive promotes the development of memory, helps to learn independently, analyze and draw the necessary conclusions.
