Who are kurkuli? So called at the beginning of the last century a special category of peasants. The meaning of the word "kurkul" is not always known to those who use it, believing that it is a synonym for such nouns as misers, money-grubbers, grabbers.
Punishment for Greed
Once, about a hundred years ago, the not very flattering word "fist" became widespread. The verb "dispossessed" was formed from it, which means to deprive the prosperous peasant of everything that he has acquired through overwork. Is it fair? The question is rhetorical and does not require an answer. Nevertheless, in the twenties, those who could not or did not know how to work considered dispossession as something of a retribution, a punishment for greed and money-grubbing.
Decree on Nationalization
Who are kurkuli? These are the same kulaks, but living in Ukraine. Who gave the right to one to take property from others? The new government established after the revolution. In December 1917, a law was passed according to which the land henceforth belonged to the state. However, not only land. The industry was also subjected to the process of nationalization.
All financial activities were now under strict control. This control was exercised by representatives of the proletariat, whom they had previously known about, but tried not to think about. Now it is impossible not to notice them. They were everywhere, establishing their own laws, putting them into effect, and they did it all quite categorically, without compromise.
Destruction of landed estates
Many peasants for quite a long time dreamed of only one thing - how to take possession of the property of the landowners. Finally, their dream came true. True, not quite the way the peasants would like. The estates, of course, were looted and burned. Landowners who did not have time to escape were shot. Still, there was no satisfaction. First of all, because not only the landlords, but also the kurkuli lost their property.
Who are kulaks? These are peasants who knew how to work, and therefore did not suffer from poverty. As a rule, the so-called kurkuli did not take part in the burning of landed estates. They were accustomed to work, and they did not have time for all sorts of political and state events. But only until the Bolsheviks paid attention to them.
Dispossession of kulaks
Peasants now had to supply food to the city. Those who did not do so were punished quite severely. Villagers now had to maintain plants and factories. But only those that belonged to the middle and impoverished categories. The we althy became less and less every year. Who are theyturmeric? These are the peasants who became victims of the first wave of political repression. In the early twenties they were sent to Siberia, many died on the way.
Dispossession began in 1917 and continued for five to six years. The idea of the need to destroy the kulaks was first voiced by Lenin in December 1918. At the same time, he gave arguments that seemed quite convincing to his contemporaries. The revolutionary said that if the Bolsheviks fail to destroy all the we althy peasants, then sooner or later the tsar will return to power. The emperor, like the members of his family, had already been shot by that time. He couldn't go back anywhere. However, Lenin's words were not to be taken literally.
Victims of repression
Representatives of the so-called Committees of the Poor took an active part in dispossession. In the fight against the "money-grubbers" they also used quite radical methods. Peasant houses were burned, their owners were exiled to Siberia. Those who participated in this inhuman, unfair process were guided by the desire to assert themselves in a new life, and besides, envy, stupidity and a sense of impunity played a big role here. In 1923, there were no more prosperous peasants either in Russia or in Ukraine. In total, about 4 million people were dispossessed. More than 500 thousand peasants died in exile.
