Chemical equation can be called the visualization of a chemical reaction using the signs of mathematics and chemical formulas. Such an action is a reflection of some kind of reaction, during which new substances appear.
Chemical tasks: types
A chemical equation is a sequence of chemical reactions. They are based on the law of conservation of mass of any substances. There are only two types of reactions:
- Compounds - these include substitution reactions (the atoms of complex elements are replaced by atoms of simple reagents), exchange (substitution of the constituent parts of two complex substances), neutralization (the reaction of acids with bases, the formation of s alt and water).
- Decompositions - the formation of two or more complex or simple substances from one complex, but their composition is simpler.
Chemical reactions can also be divided into types: exothermic (occur with the release of heat) and endothermic (absorption of heat).
How to solve chemical reactions
This questionworries many students. We offer some simple tips to help you learn how to solve chemical equations:
- The desire to understand and master. You can not retreat from your goal.
- Theoretical knowledge. Without them, it is impossible to compose even an elementary formula of the compound.
- Correct writing of a chemical problem - even the slightest mistake in the condition will nullify all your efforts in solving it.
It is desirable that the very process of solving chemical equations is exciting for you. Then chemical equations (how to solve them and what points you need to remember, we will analyze in this article) will no longer be problematic for you.
Problems that are solved using the equations of chemical reactions
Such tasks include:
- Finding the mass of a component given the mass of another reagent.
- Assignments for the combination of "mass-mole".
- Volume-mole calculations.
- Examples using the term "excess".
- Calculations using reagents, one of which is not devoid of impurities.
- Problems for the decay of the result of the reaction and for production losses.
- Problems to find a formula.
- Problems where reagents are provided as solutions.
- Problems containing mixtures.
Each of these types of problems includes several subtypes, which are usually covered in detail in the first school chemistry lessons.
Chemical equations: how to solve
There is an algorithmwhich helps to cope with almost any task from this difficult science. To understand how to solve chemical equations correctly, you need to follow a certain pattern:
- When writing the reaction equation, do not forget to set the coefficients.
- Determine how unknown data can be found.
- Correct application of proportions in the selected formula or use of the concept of "amount of substance".
- Pay attention to units of measurement.
At the end, it is important to check the task. In the process of solving, you could make an elementary mistake that affected the result of the solution.
Basic rules for writing chemical equations
If you follow the correct sequence, then the question of what chemical equations are, how to solve them, will not bother you:
- Formulas of substances that react (reagents) are written on the left side of the equation.
- The formulas of the substances that are formed as a result of the reaction are already written on the right side of the equation.
Composing the reaction equation is based on the law of conservation of mass of substances. Therefore, both sides of the equation must be equal, that is, with the same number of atoms. This can be achieved if the coefficients are correctly placed in front of the formulas of substances.
Arrangement of coefficients in a chemical equation
The odds placement algorithm is as follows:
- Counting in the left andthe right side of the equation of the atoms of each element.
- Determination of the changing number of atoms in an element. You also need to find N. O. K.
- Obtaining coefficients is achieved by dividing N. O. K. for indexes. Be sure to put these numbers in front of the formulas.
- The next step is to recalculate the number of atoms. Sometimes it becomes necessary to repeat the action.
The parts of a chemical reaction are equalized using coefficients. Indices are calculated through valency.
For the successful compilation and solution of chemical equations, it is necessary to take into account the physical properties of matter, such as volume, density, mass. You also need to know the state of the reacting system (concentration, temperature, pressure), understand the units of measurement of these quantities.
To understand the question of what chemical equations are, how to solve them, it is necessary to use the basic laws and concepts of this science. To successfully calculate such problems, you must also remember or master the skills of mathematical operations, be able to perform actions with numbers. We hope our tips will help you deal with chemical equations more easily.
