We have a rich language that is so powerful and flexible that it can put literally anything into words. In its grandeur, it is not inferior to any language in the world. It is constantly being improved, at the same time having a rich foundation and linguistic traditions. It is valuable and self-sufficient, is the history of the people, reflects the culture. The language must be protected and studied, this should become a necessity for every Russian person. The greatness and richness of the language is reflected in books, especially those relating to classical literature, or in dictionaries and reference books that reflect the norms. And of course, we must know and remember those great scientists who laid the foundation of our native language.
Linguistics
Linguistics is the study of language. She considers the main function of the language as a means of communication, its historical development and patterns. Linguistics explores language theory: what is the system of language, how language units look like, what is the nature of grammatical categories, etc.
Science observes the facts of speech, perceives native speakers, linguistic phenomena, linguistic material.
Linguistics closelyconnected with other sciences: history, archeology, ethnography, psychology, philosophy. This is because language accompanies us everywhere, in all areas of life.
In any science, key personalities stand out. Speaking about linguistics, we can name such names: Victor Vinogradov, Baudouin de Courtenay, Lev Shcherba and many others. And let's also name our Russian scholar Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov, to whom this article will be devoted.
Famous linguist
Sergey Ozhegov, who graduated from the gymnasium in the Tver province, then the Faculty of Philology of Leningrad University, participated in the battles on the territory of the Ukrainian Fleet during the Civil War, completed postgraduate studies, taught at many Moscow universities, today is better known as the author-compiler of the dictionary, which we still use today. Collection of Russian words S. I. Ozhegov is the result of the colossal work of the scientist. All modern commonly used vocabulary is collected here, cases of word compatibility and the most common phraseological units are shown. This work was the basis of many translated collections of Russian words.
Ozhegov about language
Sergey Ozhegov talked a lot about simplifying Russian spelling. The author's quotations also contained his suggestions for improving the stereotyped 1964 edition of the dictionary. Ozhegov said that new words that had recently appeared in the Russian language should be included in the collection. It is also necessary to revise phraseological units, rethink the concepts of some newwords. And of course, you need to pay attention to the norms of the use and pronunciation of the Russian language.
Another statement by S. I. Ozhegov about language concerns the accuracy of word usage. The scientist spoke about the high culture of speech, which consists in the ability to find an intelligible, appropriate word to express one's thoughts.
The dictionary of this Russian linguist has become a popular reference book. Sergei Ozhegov himself joked about this. His quotes indicate the need for this collection: the number of published books of the dictionary is not inferior to the number of published works of the classics of Marxism-Leninism.
Life and work
The surname of the famous linguist has Siberian roots. It is based on the word "burn", they called it a stick to check the readiness of molten metal for pouring.
Ozhegov Sergei Ivanovich, speaking about his biography, always mentioned the fact that their surname comes from the Demidov serfs. The family of his grandfather, who worked at the Yekaterinburg smelter for more than fifty years, had fourteen children, and all subsequently had a higher education.
Sergey Ozhegov was born into the family of a mining engineer and a midwife at a factory hospital at the end of September 1900. His small homeland is the village of Kamennoye in the past of the Tver province.
The craving for knowledge inherent in their surname manifested itself in the fact that, having entered a higher educational institution, Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov was forced to quit his studies and go to the front. But, returning from the front, in the 20s he nevertheless graduatedLeningrad University. His teachers were well-known at that time linguists V. V. Vinogradov and L. V. Shcherba. Sergei Ozhegov immediately entered the circle of Leningrad scientists, then met his Moscow colleagues and gained fame there.
Since 1952, S. I. Ozhegov was the head of the verbal department at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Scientific activity is reflected in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language", the editor-in-chief of which was D. N. Ushakov. The development team included Ozhegov. Ozhegov's merit is also the authorship of the Dictionary of the Russian Language.
Friendship with famous linguists
At that time linguists V. V. Vinogradov and D. I. Ushakov. They are joined by Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov, a linguist whose career is developing successfully here, since he is part of a group working on a four-volume edition of D. I. Ushakova.
More than thirty percent of the entries in this collection belong to S. I. Ozhegov. Also at this time there is an active collection of materials for the "Dictionary for the plays of A. N. Ostrovsky".
In addition, the young linguist is friends with the famous scientist A. Reformatsky, who later became the author of a classic textbook on linguistics.
Ozhegov's main work
Working on the material for the collection of D. I. Ushakov, Sergei Ozhegov was inspired by the idea of creating a dictionary for wide use. Work on this collection began before the war with the Nazis. Ozhegov believed in the strength of the Red Army, which would not allow the Germans into Moscow, so he remained in the city. All thishe gave the difficult wartime to his offspring. Moscow linguists G. Vinokur and V. Petrosyan were co-authors in the work on the dictionary. But gradually they moved away from work, and S. I. Ozhegov almost alone did all the work.
Sergey Ozhegov continued to work until the very end. The dictionary of the Russian language was constantly refined by him, its construction was improved. The author accepted language as a constantly changing living phenomenon. He enjoyed watching the changes taking place in the language.
There are a number of known facts that will complement the knowledge about S. I. Ozhegov and his dictionary:
- many people mispronounced the name of the linguist, emphasizing the second syllable;
- censorship initially did not miss the word "mistress", seeing in it a depraved meaning;
- Censorship was not satisfied with church vocabulary, words such as "nalay", "iconostasis";
- the word "Leningrader" during the reissue of the dictionary was introduced artificially so that the words "sloth" and "Leninist" would not be next to each other;
- interpretation of the word "rape" in Ozhegov's dictionary helped one guy get out of prison, because his actions did not fall under rape;
- there are six editions of Ozhegov's dictionary published during his lifetime;
- recently student S. I. Ozhegova N. Yu. Shvedova; the heirs of a famous linguist do not like some of the principles of her work.
Ozhegov's family
Experienced a lot in my lifeSergei Ozhegov, his family went through a lot of difficult, dramatic events that are typical for the Russian intelligentsia.
His father, an engineer at the Kuvshinova paper mill, received a four-room apartment, where the local intelligentsia often gathered. The settlement was advanced: innovations were constantly introduced at the factory, a school, the People's House, and a hospital were built. In the latter, Ozhegov's mother worked as a midwife. In addition to Sergei, the eldest, there were two more sons in their family. The middle one became an architect, the youngest became a railway worker.
In 1909, the Ozhegov family moved to St. Petersburg. Here Sergey went to the gymnasium, enrolled in a chess club and a sports society. Having successfully graduated from the gymnasium, he entered a higher educational institution, but the war prevented education.
Nevertheless, after the war, he still graduated from the university. Before receiving a diploma, Sergei Ozhegov married a student from the philological faculty. Her father was a priest, an excellent self-taught musician, performing classical and folk music.
Ozhegov was a very sociable person. Friendly companies always gathered in his house, a benevolent atmosphere reigned.
Ozhegov's wife was a great hostess, they lived together for about forty years, raised their son.
During the war, the Moscow family of Ozhegov moved to Tashkent, but almost all of the Leningrad relatives of the scientist could not survive the blockade. Left a niece. A five-year-old girl was sent to an orphanage, later S. I. Ozhegov found her and adopted her.
Merit of Ozhegov
Did a lot for the domesticlinguistics Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, whose contribution to the Russian language is very great. He is the author and compiler of many dictionaries and reference books. S. I. Ozhegov is known as a member of the Moscow Council Commission, deputy chairman of the commission of the Academy of Sciences, scientific consultant, teacher at the university.
Scientific works of Ozhegov
Main scientific works of S. I. Ozhegov reflect the issues of Russian lexicology and lexicography. He worked a lot on the history of the Russian language, studied sociolinguistics, the culture of Russian speech. Also, Sergey Ozhegov, a linguist, made a great contribution to the study of the language of individual writers (I. A. Krylova, A. N. Ostrovsky, etc.). He worked a lot on the normativity of the Russian language: he was the editor of various reference dictionaries and language collections.
