The Russian language has a special grammar that is difficult to comprehend. Syntax, as one of the sections of grammar, includes such voluminous material that not all Russian speakers and students of the Russian language can pick up. Types of subordination, collocations, sentence members, sentence schemes and collocations - this is by no means the whole list of topics that need to be studied to fully master the syntax.
So the noun-noun phrases that will be discussed in the article are only a small part of such a large syntax section as "Phrase".
Syntactic concepts
Syntax studies a sentence, a phrase, members of a sentence, actual articulation, a complex syntactic whole. The phrase and sentence are the leading syntactic units. This is the basis of the communicative function, since it is in them that phonetic, word-building, lexical, morphological units of the language are logically and grammatically built. The question of what a phrase is in Russian requires clarification.
Phrase
It is customary to call a phrase a subordinating connection of several words, more often than two, where one word is the main one (a question is asked from it), and the other is dependent (a question is asked to it). For example, what kind of valley? sunny is a combination of a noun with an adjective (valley - the main thing, sunny - dependent); jump how? high, the phrase of the verb with the adverb (to jump is the main thing, high is dependent); what is the feeder made of? from a tree, the phrase of a noun with a noun (feeder - the main thing, from a tree - dependent).
The main word in the phrase
Depending on the part of speech of the main word, nominal, verbal and adverbial phrases are distinguished. Nominal, in turn, are substantive (they have a noun as the main word), adjective (the main word is an adjective), with a pronoun or a numeral. In verb phrases, the main word is represented by a verb, in adverbial phrases - by an adverb.
In nominal phrases, dependent words can be expressed by nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns, participles, verbs in the initial form, adverbs. For example, noun-noun phrases: a house with a porch, a day without rain, a girl in a hat, a book on the table, a birch by the pond. Or a combination of a noun with a numeral: second number, third street, first case.
Syntax link inphrase
If the answer to the question, what is a phrase in Russian, is the statement that it is a subordination of several words, then you need to know the types of syntactic connection in the phrase. They are given in the table below.
| Type of connection | Explanation | Example |
| Coordination | The signs of the main word and the dependent word are the same. | Singing starling (masculine, singular, n. case), for reading students (masculine, plural, genus). |
| Management | The dependent word is expressed by a noun, pronoun, numeral or other words that have passed into nouns and are in the indirect case. Most often these are phrases of a noun with a noun or a verb with a noun. | Play with the toy, tell it, multiply by eight, ask the facilitator. |
| Connection | Dependent word is immutable. | Sing loudly, look sighing, very close, offer to sit down. |
Phrases with nouns
Often there is an exercise in the Russian language, in which the task sounds - make phrases with nouns. Performing such a task requires knowledge of morphology (parts of speech, cases) and syntax (methods of connecting words). In a phrase, a noun can be either the main word (a bright tulip, a flying wound, a desire to learn), or a dependent word (walking in the forest, making friends with families, flying withparachute). In any case, the noun must be in any case. You can determine the case of a noun in a phrase by the question that is asked to it. For example, a house (where?) by the sea is genitive, sitting (on what? where?) on a chair is prepositional.
The main means of expressing syntax relations in phrases with nouns is a preposition. It clarifies the meaning of the case, with the help of it the words are grammatically correct in the phrase. So the nouns castle, stone, sea are just a list of words. But it is worth picking up the necessary prepositions, and you get a phrase or sentence: A castle made of stone by the sea. The very form of the noun is also a powerful means of expressing grammatical relations. In the example given above, the addition of prepositions also changed the form of the words.
Another means is the traditionally fixed word order in a phrase. For example, in phrases, the noun, being the main word, is placed after the adjective (delicious fruit, juicy fruit); being dependent, it is placed after the verb (watch the program, give points) or before the main noun (loy alty to the word, home on the island).
Noun-noun phrases
In the texts of exercises in the Russian language, you can find a task to determine the type of subordination in a phrase. It must be remembered that there are three of them in Russian. Agreement (in most cases) is the phrase "noun +adjective", control - "verb + noun", "noun + noun", adjunction - "verb + adverb".
Interest in the phrases of a noun with a noun is special, since when the whole phrase is changed in cases, only the main word will change. For example, a park in a city, near a park in a city, to a park in a city, with a park in a city, about a park in a city. Most often, the type of connection in the phrases "noun + noun" will be control. However, there is a special group of immutable nouns that do not change in phrases, and adjunction is considered a type of subordination: a can of coffee, Sochi monuments, a baby kangaroo, potatoes in stew.
Thus noun phrases are interesting and grammatically special.
