Peremilovskaya height is one of the most famous places associated with the heroic deed of soldiers during the Second World War. No wonder Robert Rozhdestvensky dedicated his lines to him.
The area got its name from the name of the village of Peremilovo. It was here that bloody battles took place from 1941-27-11 to 1941-05-12. In memory of the heroism of those who defended the Motherland, a memorial was erected at a height.
Location of Peremilovskaya Heights
The modern village of Peremilovo is part of the city of Yakhroma. The height is located one and a half kilometers from the eastern part of the city of Dmitrov, which is the regional center. The Moscow-Volga canal also flows here.
Peremilovskaya height in the east is stretched along the canal for 2 kilometers. It rises more than 50 meters above it, as if hanging over a bridge connecting both parts of Yakhroma. The rugged landscape gives the impression that there is more than one height. Therefore, you can often hear another name for this area, namely Peremilovskie Heights.
On the west coast, the height is represented as a gentle slope. Enemies trying to takeheight on such a long climb, were visible and vulnerable.
The role of altitude in World War II
Peremilovskaya Height (Dmitrov) is located off the banks of the Moscow Canal. This is the most important water, energy and transport artery for the capital. Automobile and railway lines also passed here.
The Germans themselves expected to flood Moscow with the help of the canal, so they did not bomb it from the sky. Although the water artery was a significant obstacle for them when approaching the capital.
Peremilovskaya height made it possible to observe the canal, as well as road and railroad tracks. The most important defense center, the city of Yakhroma, was also under control from above. In the village, the evacuation of people and enterprises began by November 1941, when it became clear that German troops were inexorably approaching the canal. At the time of the start of the fighting, for the most part, only the military remained in the nearest settlements.
Fighting for heights
Fighting began on 1941-28-11, when at 7 am the enemy attacked the area with tanks and infantry. The Soviet troops did not have anti-tank weapons, even hand grenades, so the enemy soon took Yakhroma. The Germans immediately rushed to the village where the Peremilov height was located.
A bridge passed through the canal, on which the Germans landed troops. They managed to remove the guards guarding the way across the river. This allowed the German tanks to cross the waterway and gain a foothold on the eastern shore. The village of Peremilovo was taken, and the pursuit of the retreating group began. Soviet troops.
On the path of the enemy were soldiers under the command of Lieutenant Lermontov. They had only two guns against 14 tanks at their disposal. The armored train No. 73, which was stationed at the Dmitrov station, also began to repulse the enemy. Captain Malyshev commanded them.
In order to push the Germans over the canal, as Stalin demanded, the 1st shock army was involved. It was created from the reserve of the local population, which was called up in a hurry in November 1941. It was commanded by the commander of the First Shock Army, Lieutenant-General V. I. Kuznetsov.
At the disposal of the commander were:
- a rifle brigade scattered over 10 kilometers along the front;
- construction battalion;
- Katyusha division with a single ammunition load;
- armored train 73.
With these forces, the lieutenant general decided to attack the enemy. 1941-28-11 at 14:00, a counterattack with a rifle brigade began, which ended unsuccessfully.
The counteroffensive was repeated on 1941-29-11 at 6 am. Rifle brigades managed to quietly approach the enemy and break into the village of Peremilovo. The German troops were forced to retreat. Thus, Peremilovskaya height (Dmitrov) helped to delay the enemy, and the lightning strike on the capital was thwarted.
So that the German troops could not repeat the offensive, it was decided to blow up the bridge. The task was completed at the cost of the lives of 12 of the 13 sappers who died while executing the order. In early December, the Germans tried to pass tanks through the frozenchannel, but the cars fell through the ice.
The Germans still managed to break through the defenses, but a few days later the battle for Moscow began. By December 8, Yakhroma was liberated from the German invaders, and two days later, the entire Dmitrovsky district. This victory was a turning point in the war. A victorious counteroffensive near Moscow began under the command of Generals Rokossovsky and Lelyushenko.
Creating a memorial
The Peremilovskaya Height memorial was created to mark the 25th anniversary of the battle for the capital. It was opened on December 6, 1966. Many people took part in its creation:
| Sculptors | Architects | Engineers |
|
Postol A. Glebov V. Lubimov N. Fedorov V. |
Krivushchenko Y. Kaminsky A. Stepanov I. |
Khadzhibaranov S. |
The monument was created from fragments in different parts of the USSR. So, the figure of a warrior was cast in Leningrad, granite for the bas-relief was brought from the Ukrainian SSR, the bas-relief was made in Mytishchi. Everything was installed in place. One of the most difficult tasks was to deliver a bronze figure to a height. Moreover, there were doubts whether the figure would tip over after installation from a strong wind. But aerodynamic tests disproved these fears.
Passing along the Moscow Canal, it is impossible not to pay attention to the so-calledPeremilovskie heights. In Yakhroma, for the first time, Soviet troops managed to stop the attack on Moscow and turn it into a successful counteroffensive.
Description of the monument
The monument has a height of 28 meters, of which 15 meters is occupied by a granite pedestal, and 13 - the figure of a soldier, cast in bronze. The figure represents a warrior who rushed to the attack and holds a machine gun in his raised hand.
The monument is visible from two opposite banks of the canal. Climbing up to it, you can see a beautiful view of Yakhroma and its surroundings.
The famous words of Robert Rozhdestvensky, which he wrote at the request of local residents, are carved on a granite pedestal:
Remember! From this threshold
In an avalanche of smoke, blood and adversity, Here in forty-one the road ran
In the victorious forty-fifth year.
Dmitrov's current status
By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation D. Medvedev in 2008 the city of Dmitrov was awarded the title City of Military Glory. The courage and valor of the city's defenders made the Peremilovsky Heights famous. The story of mass heroism is immortalized in a monument.
