As a transcontinental country, Russia spans vast expanses from the North Ocean to the Caspian coast and from the B altic coast in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. 17,125,191 sq. km - area of Russia. However, behind this huge figure is a genuine natural splendor and a huge variety of cultures, traditions and lifestyles of the population.
General information about the Russian Federation
Geographically speaking, Russia is located in the east of Europe and the north of Asia. At the same time, about 76% of the area of Russia in sq. km are located in the Asian part, and the conditional border between the two parts runs along the Ural Mountains and the Kuma-Manych depression, connecting the Kuban-Azov and Caspian lowlands.
The extreme points of the country are:
- North: Cape Fligeli. Coordinates: 81°50'35″ N. sh. 59°14'22" E e.
- South: unnamed height on the very border of Dagestan and Azerbaijan, southwest of Mount Bazarduzu and east of Mount Ragda. Coordinates:41°11'07″ N. sh. 47°46'54" E e.
- West: a point on the B altic spit of the Gdansk Bay, washing the shores of the Kaliningrad region. Coordinates: 54°27'45″ s. sh. 19°38'19" E. e.
- East: Rotmanov Island. Coordinates: 65°47'N sh. 169°01'W e.
km. The third country in terms of area is China - 9,598,962 sq. km. km.
A little about the borders of Russia
17 125 191 - that's how many square kilometers the territory of Russia occupies. It is not surprising that with such a vast territory, the country also has the longest state borders, a significant part of which are maritime.
To be more precise, the sea borders stretch for 38,808 kilometers, and the land borders are another 33,100 kilometers. Maritime borders are located mainly in the north and east of the country. It is worth noting that in addition to its territorial waters, Russia has claims to a significant part of the Arctic shelf, extending to the North Pole. These claims, however, have not yet found support from the international community.
Russia has the longest land border, 7,598 kilometers long, with Kazakhstan. The Russian-Chinese border exceeds 4,209 kilometers, and the border with Mongolia is 3,485 kilometers. It is noteworthy that Russia also hasborders with both the US and North Korea. With Korea, Russia has the shortest border, not exceeding 39 kilometers, but it is not the calmest, as tense conflicts regularly arise on the Korean Peninsula.
Climate and territory
Although Russia is the largest country on the planet, the climatic and soil conditions in most of its territory are very uniform, and cannot be called favorable. Despite the fact that the average annual temperatures in the country range from +1 degrees in the north to +25 in the Caspian lowland, climatic conditions are still extremely unfavorable for agriculture in a large part of the country.
Talking about the area of Russia in square meters. km, you can pay attention to other values. For example, a country has several geographic features that make it unique. For example, Lake Baikal is the deepest in the world, and the Volga is the longest river in Europe. In turn, Lake Ladoga is considered the first mirror area in Europe, and Elbrus is the highest peak in this part of the world.
Relief. Plains of the west and mountains of the east
From a geological point of view, the territory of the country can be divided into two large parts: eastern and western. At the same time, the border between them will not pass along the Ural Mountains, but along the Yenisei River.
In this case, the western part will be predominantly flat with minor hills and hills, and in the west there will be the mosthigh mountains with several lowlands. Taking into account all of the above, several large geographical areas can be distinguished on the territory of Russia, including Fennoscandia and the East European Plain.
Features of the European part of the country
Most of the European territory of Russia is occupied by the East European Plain, which is the largest plain in the world. It stretches for 1,600 kilometers from west to east and 2,400 kilometers from north to south. The highest point of this territory is 343 meters above sea level, while a significant part of the territory does not rise above two hundred meters.
To the northwest of the East European Plain lies the geographic region of Fennoscandia, also known as the Kola-Karelian region. The region designates the territory between the Finnish border and the coast of the White Sea. A distinctive feature of this geographical complex is the alternation of low mountains and marshy lowlands.
Along the southern borders
From the Black to the Caspian Sea stretches the Greater Caucasus mountain system, along which Russia's border with Abkhazia, Georgia, South Ossetia and Azerbaijan is located.
The length of this mountain system exceeds 1,100 kilometers from northwest to southeast, and its highest point is the Elbrus stratovolcano. From a geological point of view, the Caucasus is part of an extended mountain range: Carpathian Mountains - Crimean Mountains - Tien Shan - Pamir.
The prevailing on the main ridge of the Caucasus is alpine-type relief withlots of glaciers. It is worth mentioning that out of all 17,125,191 sq. km of the area of Russia in this region is concentrated the greatest cultural and linguistic diversity.
