Politics is an important area in modern society, because it determines its development. The people who do it must have a certain qualification level and a conceptual program that specifies the goals they want to achieve. That's what we'll talk about.
What is a political agenda?
This is a statement of the platform of the party or the state (or its individual institutions). It formulates the main provisions that relate to the goals of their activities, as well as ways to achieve them. These are promises made to voters about taking certain actions after coming to power. A socio-political program can be conceptual (that is, very short) or, conversely, detailed and large. The first is often called strategic. This is because they offer common goals and only fundamental ways to achieve them. Detailed programs are called tactical programs for their elaboration. One of the parameters of democracy is the program completion rate while the politician is in power.
Contents
There are two things in the designed programs:
- Management (technological). This aspect acts as the basis for future actions that are implemented upon coming to power.
- Ideological (speculative). Given that certain actions are necessary to gain political weight, there is also programmatic populism. In this case, the party relies on specific trends or traditions that exist in society.
If we consider the situation in the Russian Federation, and indeed in the entire space of the former USSR, it is worth noting one rather paradoxical fact: all political programs are very similar. Also, they are not fully implemented (at best, only partially implemented). This suggests that the parties claiming power are weak.
Views
Programs of political activities are divided into active and opposition. Opposition parties are parties that strive for power. The primary goal of these programs is to win the electorate. Their main task is to ensure the party's victory in the elections. They are based, as a rule, on criticism of the authorities, political rivals, as well as promises for voters. It should be noted that the programs are largely propaganda in nature, so their discrepancy with reality can hardly surprise anyone. But the correspondence of statements to real actions allows us to speak about the adequacy of the political position of the party. The current programs of those who are now in power assume the existence of final goals, as well as a course of action thatwill be accepted to achieve them.
Ideological diversity
Depending on what goals the party pursues in its program, it is announced:
- Social Democratic. He advocates an increase in the role and participation of the state in public life, as well as in the processes of economic management. At the same time, the preservation of fundamental freedoms is envisaged.
- Communist. They want to carry out a complete nationalization of the economy in order to distribute we alth among people, taking into account the interests of everyone. They also want to take full control of he alth care, education, and so on.
- Liberal. There is an orientation towards the denationalization of the economy, as well as some other spheres of life. At the same time, ideally, a course is being pursued to reduce the participation of the bureaucracy in the life of the whole society.
- Clerical. Adhere to a certain religious ideology and have a plan to integrate it into public and political life.
- Nationalist. Proclaims a policy in which representatives of a certain nationality have the greatest value for the state. A number of actions are being taken that contribute to their prosperity: increasing the birth rate, living standards, and so on.
- Fascist. Builds its activities on the basis of relevant ideas.
Types depending on the way of action
In this case, political activity programs are divided into two types:
- Reformist. Provide for a gradu althe transformation of society, during which legal means are used to influence power or to obtain it.
- Revolutionary. Provide for the transformation of society, during which the means of struggle are used, which are declared illegal by the given state system and political regime.
Political movement and its program
This is the name of a voluntary formation that arises as a result of the conscious and free desire of citizens to unite on the basis of common interests. It should be noted that the political movement focuses more on the current state and desired goals of a certain group of people than on program settings. Also a feature of this form of organization is that their concepts rarely provide for the achievement of power. For the most part, they only influence it in the necessary direction.
Goals and objectives as perceived by voters
Social and political programs are perceived by us as obligations that are given by specific people or parties to the people. Ideally, their failure should put an end to a political career. But in practice, we can observe a number of discrepancies or even contradictions between the political program and real actions. Often the reason for this is the inability to achieve the stated goals. Fulfilling election promises is beyond the power in difficult political conditions. Therefore, the political program is oftencontains not only its own constructive suggestions, but also a reference to the negative results of its competitors, as well as their problems.
The difference between modern concepts of the vision of society
Once upon a time, politicians appeared as representatives of a certain part of the population. Modern programs of political parties, blocs and movements that aspire to power and occupy government positions are drawn up taking into account the interests of the entire population. This is the result of the evolution of ideological doctrines, as a result of which the main political competitors have identical views on a number of positions. We can say that modern programs are a marketing tool, the purpose of which is to gain or retain power. A good example in this case is the Russian reality. Although there is considerable competition, it is quite difficult to find differences in social and economic concepts. Exceptions are individual movements and parties. Instead of discussing the mechanisms for solving real problems, one can often notice only the promotion of slogans that influence public consciousness, since they state real difficulties in public life. Given that it can be difficult to determine the true positions of competing parties or associations, voters are often guided not by political programs, but by the image of specific people. This has both pluses and minuses. Let's look at the programs of Russia's political parties. What are they fighting for? What are the goalspursued?
Russian reality
We have the main political parties (and their programs represented in the State Duma), as well as a number of smaller organizations. Consider them all will not work because of their significant number. Therefore, attention will be paid to those who have a certain power, and only in general terms. This table will help us. The programs of political parties are described only in general terms.
| Name | Program |
| KPRF | As an ideological program, they chose to defend the rights of wage workers and the national interests of the state. All of it is built in such a way as to achieve the construction of a renewed socialism in the Russian Federation. Marxism-Leninism is chosen as the basis, which is adapted to modern conditions. |
| LDPR | The party program proclaimed the desire to move towards democracy and liberalism. But at the same time there is a certain contradiction. In some points of the program there are obvious conflicts with the main line: thus, the subordination of the interests of individuals to the state is proclaimed, and in the economic sphere preference is given to a mixed type of economic life. |
| EP | The program is focused on conservatism and centrism. The main confrontation is with other more radical parties. as desiredgoal is proclaimed conservative modernization. Also, the program of this party provides support for the general political course of the government and the president of the Russian Federation. |
Conclusion
It should be noted that Russia's political programs are not limited to the above in their diversity. So, each politician is looking for his own group of the population that will support his ideas.
It should be noted that the programs of parties of different orientations have their own "support points". Also, their goals include not only finding followers, but also "recruiting" people from other political camps.
