China is a country with its own unique and beautiful culture. More than a million people come here every year to admire its beauties. Travelers choose this state not only to look at the greatest buildings of China, but also to get acquainted with the culture of the people.
Many nations live in China (as this country is often called). Because of this, traditions, way of life, mode of life acquires new motives. Although more than 90% of the population are indigenous Chinese, they readily accept changes in their culture, easily letting other nations into life.
There are minorities in China who speak their own language. At the moment, many people speak various Chinese dialects that differ from the generally accepted norms, there are about 300 of them, including Jurchen (one of the dead languages).
China
The People's Republic of China is world famous for its tourist attractions. Travelers are attracted by rural views, smoothly replaced by urban skyscrapers. Landscapes -the first reason why there are so many foreigners here. They are able to surprise not only experienced tourists, but also the most inexperienced.
The people of China in ancient times considered their homeland the center of the whole world. Those nations that lived on the border of the country were called barbarians. They were often repressed and discriminated against.
Residents have great respect for books, scientists and various knowledge. All businessmen must have business cards printed in Chinese and English. The Chinese are thrifty, so they easily and quickly gain huge capital.
Geography of China
China is a country located in the east of Asia. It borders on 15 states. The territory is washed by the South China, Yellow and East China seas. It must be said that the Celestial Empire has a sufficient number of mountains. Only 30% of China's total area is below sea level. In addition to hills, there are reservoirs. They are known for their properties as well as beautiful views. Many rivers are used for navigation, fishing and irrigation. Minerals such as oil, coal, ore, manganese, zinc, lead, etc. are mined here.
China on the map is conditionally divided into two parts: eastern (located in East Asia) and western (located in Central Asia). The possessions of this country include Taiwan and Hainan. These islands are the largest.
History of the country
After the formation of the Republic of China, the Shang became the first ruling dynasty. Some time later it was replacedzhou tribe. Subsequently, the territory was divided into several parts, for which wars were constantly fought. It was because of them that a multi-kilometer wall was erected to protect against the gunas. The heyday of the state coincided with the period of the Han Dynasty. At that time, China already occupied a significant place on the map, expanding its borders to the south and west.
Almost immediately after the conquest of Taiwan (which to this day is a colony of the country), the state became a republic. This happened in 1949. The government constantly carried out various cultural reforms, and also tried to change the economic sphere. China's ideology has changed.
Chinese as a nation
Chinese is a nation inhabiting China. In terms of numbers, they deservedly placed in the first place. The indigenous people call themselves "Han". This name came from the Han Dynasty, which was able to unite the entire territory of the state under one government. In ancient times, the word "han" meant "milky way". This is due to the fact that the people of China called their country the Middle Kingdom.
The largest number of Han people are in China. More than 1 billion people live here. They also make up almost 98% of the total population of Taiwan. It is safe to say that the Chinese inhabit absolutely all counties and municipalities.
USA, Canada, Australia - these are the states that currently lead in terms of the size of the Chinese diaspora. Over the past 5 years, almost 40 million Han Chinese have moved to these countries.
Peoples inhabiting China
According to official figures, representatives of 56 nations live in the Republic of China. Due to the fact that the Chinese occupy more than 92% of the population, the rest of the nationalities are divided into minorities. The number of such people in the country is much higher than the figure voiced by the government.
In the south of the country, residents speak the northern dialect of Chinese. However, it is worth noting that they still belong to the Han group.
Major peoples of China:
- Chinese (Han, Huizu, Bai);
- Tibeto-Burmese (Tujia, i, Tibetans, etc.);
- Thai (Zhuang, Bui, Dong, etc.);
- kadai (galao);
- peoples whether;
- Miao-Yao peoples (Miao, Yao, She);
- Mon-Khmer (Wa, Bulan, Jing, etc.);
- Mongolian (Mongols, Dongxiang, Tu, etc.);
- Turkic (Uigurs, Kazakhs, Kirghiz, etc.);
- Tungus-Manchu (Manchus, Sibo, Evenks, etc.):
- Taiwanese (gaoshan);
- Indo-European (Pamir Tajiks, Russians).
Culture of the State
The culture of the people of China goes back to ancient times. It began to emerge even before our era. There are legends that the gods gave the Chinese certain foundations of life and life. In the history of the Middle Kingdom, one can trace the colossal changes in culture over several centuries.
The main myths of the state known today tell that Pangu created the whole world, Nuwa created humanity, Shen Nong was able to discover special medicinal plants, and Qiang Zhe became the father of writing.
Chinese architecture sinceantiquity has a powerful influence on the structures of Vietnam, Japan and Korea.
Standard houses have a maximum of two floors. In the cities, modern buildings have acquired a western look over time, while in the villages the original design of the residential building has been preserved.
Traditions of the people of China
Many traditions are associated with etiquette, ceremonies, gifts. It was they who gave rise to some proverbs that have spread throughout the world.
In order to feel comfortable in this country, you need to know the basic rules of this nation:
- The handshake is a respectful gesture used by the Chinese when greeting foreigners.
- Knives, scissors and other sharp objects should never be given as a gift. They mean a break in a relationship. In addition to them, it is better not to give a watch, a scarf, flowers, straw sandals. These things for the Chinese people mean a quick death.
- They don't eat with forks here, so you should get used to eating with special chopsticks.
- Gifts must be opened at home, not immediately upon receipt.
- Tourists are advised not to wear bright colors. You should choose those things that are made in pastel colors. This is explained by the fact that the people of China have a bad attitude towards this kind of self-expression.
Attractions
The main attraction, which has been preserved since ancient times, is the Great Wall of China. It was built in the 3rd century BC. At that time, its length was almost 5 thousand km, heightchanged from 6 to 10 m.
Beijing has other important architectural structures that are popular with tourists. Most of them were built in the XV-XIX centuries. Shanghai is rich in temples, the decoration of which is made of precious stone. The center of Lamaism is Lhasa. The people of China love another cultural heritage - the monastery, which housed the residence of the Dalai Lama.
Some of the mountains (Huangshan), caves (Mogao), Port Victoria, the Li River and the Forbidden City are also considered attractions. Often there are old Buddhist buildings.
