If a person is brought up on literary heroes (who were born before the moment when writers succumbed to the process of deheroization), he will not be able to commit a betrayal of the Motherland even physically, because the prohibitive threshold grows too high - taboo. It is precisely such a he althy attitude towards patriotic values that Arkady Gaidar's stories and novels are saturated with, and this is conveyed so accurately and penetrates so deeply that not a single child wanted to be a "bad boy". Where there is a betrayal of the motherland, there was not enough patriotic education. And even the geography of such places is calculated quite easily.
Mazeppa
The very first truly major betrayal of the Motherland happened on the day that is now chosen as the holiday of national unity - November 4th. In 1708, Ivan Mazepa betrayed his country and Tsar Peter the Great. Hope to winCharles the Twelfth, King of Sweden, but miscalculated.
For betraying his oath, he was executed in a civil way: he was deprived of the awards and titles that had previously been granted to him by the sovereign. And they were rewarded with a new mercy: Mazepa received from Peter the Great a single copy of the "Order of Judas", the order of the very first and most treacherous of traitors.
Essence of the Traitor
After one hundred and twenty years, this historical betrayal of the Motherland was not only not forgotten, it was immortalized in fiction. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin wrote an amazing poem - "Poltava". The poet changed his mind about calling magical poems the name of a traitor - evil, immoral, vengeful, dishonorable, hypocritical, who stops at nothing to achieve any good in life.
This is exactly what this person was, because the treacherous essence seems to eat up all the good and positive spiritual qualities. Pushkin knew this, of course. A poem was written about the worst person on earth, but with such beautiful verses that the idea brought by the poet into young hearts penetrates so deeply that it never leaves them.
Shvabrin
The theme of the betrayal of the Motherland by the poem "Poltava" was not exhausted, Pushkin returned to it more than once. No less interesting, and most importantly - penetratingly and intelligibly, another historical case is described. This is a peasant uprising by Emelyan Pugachev, where two forces clashed, each of which considered itself right. And here especiallyfidelity to the oath occupies an important place, because if there is no such fidelity in the soul of a person, betrayal of the motherland will always nest there. Pushkin's arguments for this postulate are the most weighty. Whoever did not keep honor from a young age in everything, at every step of his life, he seems to be rolling downhill to the very bottom, and it is there, at the very bottom - there is nowhere lower - and this sin lies.
Dante Alighieri in the "Divine Comedy" accurately identified the location of the traitors in hell: they freeze into Lake Cocytus, and there is no deeper place in the other world, they will not knock from below. So, in Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter" Shvabrin commits a betrayal of the Motherland. He gives the following arguments: the fortress is not properly fortified, it will not withstand the assault, and why die in vain? It's easier to join Pugachev's army. Let a nobleman have to grovel before a runaway simple Cossack, but - life! However, Pushkin lets the reader know that Alexei Shvabrin has no life ahead of him. There is not and will not be anything for a traitor but pangs of conscience, because there is justice.
Andriy
The contemporary of Pushkin, who wrote an excellent story about the Zaporizhzhya Sich - "Taras Bulba" - extremely artistically revealed the theme of betrayal, which inspires modern domestic and foreign cinema to this day. Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol managed to bring such arguments under the betrayal that modern youth, who do not receive sufficient patriotic education, make completelywrong output.
Betrayal of the Motherland or loss of a beloved woman - what will outweigh? The youngest son of the leader of the Cossack Andriy chose the first for the sake of a beautiful lady from a hostile city. "You are my Motherland!" - he said. And he betrayed everyone, sold everything, ruined himself for this love. But Taras Bulba could not even forgive his son for the betrayal of the Motherland. He was true to himself and to the Fatherland. He gave birth to Andria, he killed him.
Bad Boys
A little has already been said about the fairy tale written by Arkady Gaidar. She is not one of those fairy tales that are lies, in it, despite the cartoonishness, absolute truths sound. And not a hint, but an alarm. Because even today the "bad guys" that have multiplied have betrayed the country to the bourgeoisie. For a barrel of jam, for a basket of Snickers.
Treason of the motherland today has numerous examples. What are the repentant words of a young bad boy from Novy Urengoy worth in today's Bundestag: the "so-called" Stalingrad cauldron, "innocent" occupiers who came to the Volga and destroyed half the world.
Betrayal Today
If young men read works of art written by eyewitnesses: Konstantin Vorobyov ("It's us, Lord!"), Nikolai Dvortsov ("Waves crash against the rocks"), Viktor Nekrasov ("In the trenches of Stalingrad"), and this the list could go on and on, if the young men knew more about the "unbearable conditions of captivity", and our Motherland would never experience today's shame.
This performance is the mostthe general public of the country classified as a betrayal. And if only this one performance! Moral norms have turned inside out, according to Russian teachers, there is a need to return at least Alexander Fadeev's "Young Guard" to the school curriculum. According to Solzhenitsyn, it is impossible to educate patriots of one's country.
Krasnodon traitors
The older generation knows everything about the heroes of the novel by Alexander Fadeev almost by heart. Now, after the opening of the archives, it became known that the writer greatly regretted the psyche of his reader and did not write the whole truth. Indeed, she is terrible. And one more thing: in fact, there was not a single traitor among the Young Guards.
Treason and treason against the motherland were committed only by their torturers, policemen, who terribly tortured Krasnodon teenagers, who, not sparing their own lives, defended and cleared their land from invaders. Fadeev portrayed them so convexly and brightly that later, after the movie, people looked at the faces of the artists who played them with hatred.
The need for education
The suffering that befell the young guards, even described by Fadeev, is simply inhuman. In fact, it was much worse, neither film nor paper can convey this. And now Russian teenagers do not read this literature at all! That is why Nazism is being revived, and fascist torchlight processions with slogans about Bandera the hero are wandering around Ukraine.
Neo-fascists from fourteen to twenty years old should read this book aloud, withresistance - even by force, and then to force Gerasimov's film to be watched, and then to familiarize with documents from the archives, with photographs and medical examinations of the dead, but eternally living young Krasnodon residents. It is necessary to make sure that young people are able to distinguish between the concepts of loy alty to the Motherland and betrayal.
Chamomile
Every boy (and girl too) should definitely read the fascinating novel by Veniamin Kaverin "Two Captains". This book has everything: the most selfless friendship, the purest love, determination on the way to a feat and betrayal, exceptional in its meanness - of the Motherland, friendship, love and all that is most holy in the world. Mikhail Romashov is one of the heroes of the book. And if Sanya Grigoriev all his life went from childhood to a feat, then Misha Romashov and childhood - to betrayal.
The whole path is visible, daily killing everything human in a person. It began with children's denunciations on the basis of envy. It ended in almost direct murder, when Chamomile leaves his wounded friend to die in the snow, taking everything from him, even weapons. Here it is - a betrayal of the Motherland. You will not find the best arguments from the literature. Traitors have no conscience, it is dead. It is Sanya Grigoriev who will ponder whether personal reasons played a role when he handed over the traitor who committed military treason to the authorities. So, in contrast, readers will better feel where is the truth and where is the lie, how to act and how not to, who to sympathize with and who to hate.
Fisherman
In Vasil's storyBykov "Sotnikov" tells about a betrayal of a different kind. A criminal named Rybak blames circumstances on him, even his wounded soldier comrade, whom he not only betrayed, but hanged himself. Only he does not blame himself, although he regrets what he did. Here the writer shows how easy it is for an unarmed patriotic upbringing, and therefore with a vile weakness in the soul, to understand oneself, to adequately assess one's actions.
Sotnikov, who suffered the most terrible tortures and who did not betray any of the partisans and locals, the traitor Rybak in his thoughts calls ambitious: look, they say, he is a hero. The fisherman is not aware that betrayal is considered the lowest act of all from time immemorial. It was his fate that turned so unexpectedly that he would have to serve Germany. Rybak does not have a clear idea of moral and ethical principles. What is this if not a lack of education?
Kryzhnev
This story by Mikhail Sholokhov is in the treasury of world literature. "The fate of a man" is the fate of many and many, shown unusually broadly. This story is about people who experienced great grief, terrible hardships, war, a concentration camp, the loss of all their loved ones, but who remained people of a bright soul, deeply sympathetic and called to help. But even this story would not be complete enough if it did not contain the theme of betrayal.
For the sake of saving his own life, the traitor Kryzhnev has already prepared to hand over both the commander and his friends. But only traitors cannot keep loy alty to the Motherland. True soldier Andrey Sokolovkills this vile creature and does not even feel pity, only one disgust, as if he had strangled a snake. The story was written in 1956. The war ended eleven years ago, but the writer always feels responsible to his compatriots and their next generations, which is why the eternal themes of heroism and betrayal are raised again and again.
Traitors cannot be rehabilitated
A lot of interesting things about the traitors to the Motherland were written by another Vorobyov - Vladimir Nikiforovich, a retired major general. He, despite his age and ill he alth, considers it necessary to raise this topic again and again, since it is the most relevant today.
And indeed: now the traitors who betrayed their homeland are considered fighters against communism and Stalinism, moreover, champions of freedom and justice. They even erect monuments! Mannerheim, Vlasov, Denikin, Kolchak are enemies of their Motherland who betrayed her. The Major General's strong protest is understandable.
Traitors sorting
The writer in all its glory shows this unfinished, white émigré part of the population, officers, landlords, capitalists, who fled abroad, who met Hitler with indescribable enthusiasm. With the help of German bayonets, they decided to return to the territory of their betrayed Motherland.
He especially dwells on the description of the numerous traitors of the geographical territories mentioned above (the B altic states, the Caucasus, the Germans from the Volga region), as well as the Russian White Guards from Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, who served not onlyin the Wehrmacht, but also in the Abwehr, and in the SD, and in the SS.
Conclusions
No one will argue that betrayal has existed at all times. And most often those people who were offended by something in their homeland became traitors. For example, the Spartan Ephi altes, rejected, betrayed his comrades at Thermopylae. Further, the list is replenished one way or another: Judas betrayed Christ, and Brutus betrayed Caesar, Mazepa betrayed Peter the Great, and so on. Their names usually went down in history forever.
But the Great Patriotic War happened to know a different kind of traitors - special and diverse. And more of them. Nevertheless, this topic has been quite successfully developed in the literature, helping to determine the worldview of almost every generation. Now everything has changed, the results of wars are being reviewed, priorities are shifting. Immediate decisive action is needed in this direction. For a people made up of traitors will inevitably lose their own country. And it all comes down to it, unfortunately. The next generation will be lost along with the country.
