It's hard to imagine anything less similar to each other than the EGP of Sweden and Italy. The two countries are located at different ends of Europe, in different climatic conditions and have a completely different history of economic and political development.
Kingdom of Sweden
EGP of the country today is characterized, firstly, by the outlying position of the state in relation to the main trade routes and markets. However, this did not prevent Sweden from achieving a high position in international stability and prosperity rankings.
In the 15th-15th centuries, Sweden occupied a much larger territory than today, and did not huddle in the south and east of the Scandinavian Peninsula, but controlled the lands along all the shores of the B altic Sea and the Gulf of Finland.
However, after the defeat in the Northern War, a new period began in the history of the state, when Sweden and its citizens had to abandon the idea of greatness and start arranging their country and developing the economy and social sphere.
Swedish EGP characteristics
Sweden is the largest country in Scandinavia and occupies up to three-fifths of itsarea. On land, the country borders on Norway and Finland, but the length of its maritime borders is much larger than land borders. In the waters of the B altic Sea there are two large islands belonging to Sweden - these are Gotland and Öland.
Despite the fact that Sweden's EGP is characterized by its position in the north of Europe, its climate is temperate due to the influence of the Gulf Stream and allows the locals to engage in agriculture. The land in Sweden is poor and unproductive, the use of modern methods of growing crops allows you to increase productivity in a short and rainy summer. And at the same time, lands suitable for planting occupy no more than 8% of the country's territory.
Foreign trade and business
Modern Sweden is an economically developed country with an export-oriented economy, a developed domestic market and close cooperation with neighboring countries. Since most of the country is covered with forests, the Swedish EGP naturally means their active, but careful use in the processing industry.
Overcoming numerous difficulties associated with an unfavorable climate that did not allow for a growing population, the country began active industrial development in the 19th century.
Industrialization took place at a faster pace with the introduction of the latest Western European developments, because at the head of Sweden at that time was one of the best Napoleonic generals - Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, who received after the coronationthrone name Charles XIV Johan.
The position of Sweden in the XX century
The 20th century has become a defining one for many world empires. Sweden not only did not become an exception to the process of decolonization, but actually set this trend long before Britain began to give freedom to its colonies.
The fact is that at the beginning of the 20th century there was a union between Sweden and Norway, according to which Norway was controlled by the Swedish crown. Such an important issue inevitably caused numerous conflicts, and immediately after the Norwegians voted for independence in a referendum, Sweden began to prepare an army to suppress a possible uprising. However, the world military powers did not support Sweden in her undertaking, and Norway nevertheless gained independence.
The liquidation of the union led to the fact that, ultimately, Swedish companies lost access to promising oil fields, which were of great importance for the Norwegian economy throughout the century and allowed it to accumulate huge gold and foreign exchange reserves. In addition, Sweden has lost access to the North Atlantic and the ability to produce fish resources that are in demand on the international market.
Expanding development
At the beginning of the 20th century, despite attempts at industrialization in the previous century, Sweden was still largely an agrarian country. In addition, the secession of Norway de alt an additional blow to the state's economy.
In such circumstances, urgent measures were needed to modernize the economy. But given the small internaldemand and the relative poverty of the population, the newly created companies had to focus on the external market and make the most of the Swedish EGP.
The basis for growth was the diverse resources of Northern Sweden - the land of harsh natural conditions, short and cold polar and rainy summers. In the north of the country, vast forests, ore deposits and rich hydroelectric resources are concentrated.
Cooperation with neighbors
In the first half of the twentieth century, something like early globalization happened in the country, caused by active cooperation between Swedish companies and firms in other European countries.
Quite quickly the country's economy was enriched by such brands as Volvo, Saab, Ikea, Ericsson and Scania. All these companies have made Sweden famous as a world manufacturer of quality equipment for various purposes.
The technological base created during the 20th century allowed Sweden to actively enter the era of high-tech companies. Today, industries such as biomedicine, genetics and information technology are of increasing importance for the country.
Government and business
But not only the industry brought Sweden world fame. The model of the relationship between the state, society and business deserves special mention. Sweden is a world leader in the quality of social and public services.
High taxes make the prices of many goods extremelyhigh, but this is also offset by high salaries, and high government spending allows for high-quality services.
But the most important characteristic of the political and economic regime in Sweden remains respect for the human person, the needs of the citizen and respect for human rights. Such basic conditions have made it possible to create a very efficient and humane education system, which is regularly praised by international organizations and makes possible the promising development of the economy and high-tech industry. Thus, we can conclude that the change in the EGP of Sweden over time occurred abruptly and was associated with a change in its borders.
