What is a corpus? Approximately everyone knows this, since this word is actively used in speech. Let's learn more about all its meanings, as well as the origin and features of the formation of the plural for the noun "corpus".
Etymology of the word "corpus"
Like most concepts of foreign origin, this term appeared in Russian under Peter I. It was borrowed from Latin (from the word corpus), through either the Polish or German noun korpus. In those days, the Poles actively enriched their vocabulary with German terms, so today it is no longer possible to identify exactly where this name first came from.
The first written use of the word "corps" dates back to 1705. It probably appeared in oral speech much earlier.
What is a corpus? The original meaning of the word
Earst of all, this noun began to be used in medicine, speaking of the torso of a person or animal. And today this value continues to be relevant, howeveris more often used in official documentation, while ordinary people use its synonyms instead of the word "body" - torso, torso.
In addition to medical books and reports of forensic medical examinations, trainers of fitness centers, dance schools and sanatoriums often use this term in this sense.
The most common meaning
What other answer can be heard to the question: "What is a body?". This is the name given to the hard outer shell of something. For example, any technology or electronic devices. Many have heard such stable phrases as “computer case”, “cell phone case”, “watch cases” and others.
By the way, today the manufacture of cases for various devices is a business area, and a very profitable one at that. Thanks to the development of modern technologies, especially 3D printing, anyone can order plastic cases for anything from a flash drive or a key fob to a sewing machine and more, for a moderate fee, on an individual project. Of course, the housing for the instrument can also be made of other materials, such as wood or metal. And they will be much stronger. However, plastic enclosures are by far the cheapest and easiest to manufacture.
The noun "body" in architecture
Often a building is a specific building located among several similar ones, as well as a separate large part of the building.
It is worth remembering that the houseand corpus are not the same thing, there is a difference between these words. In theory, buildings are parts of one house that do not have direct access to the main street where the building is located. But in practice, often each of them is a complete separate structure. It is assigned to a specific building in order not to change the numbering of houses along the entire street.
So, for example, there are 10 houses on Kievskaya Street: 5 on the even side and 5 on the odd side. After some time, another similar building is being built between houses 3 and 5. Of course, you can give him a separate number, but because of this, you will have to renumber the entire street - and this is a huge paperwork and a lot of problems with changing the address for the inhabitants of other houses.
In order not to create this confusion, the new building is "assigned" to one of the nearest houses: for example, to the third, and give it a letter (in this case "a"). The address of the new building is formed: Kyiv street, house 3-a (the letter indicates that this is not the main building, but its separate building). The street thus grows, but the house numbers do not have to be changed. By the way, if over time 2 more buildings appear near the same third building, they will be numbered - building 3-b and 3-c.
The meaning of the word "corps" in the military
This term is also heavily used in military terminology.
- Corps are separate educational institutions that educate future military. For example, the cadet corps.
- In some states, this term refers to certain types of aircraft: CorpsUS Marines, Courier Corps. By the way, in Tsarist Russia, this word was often used in this sense.
- This is the name of a large-scale formation of troops, consisting of smaller units of various branches.
- Sometimes this word is used in the names of civilian organizations arranged like military institutions: the corps of foresters.
Less common meaning of this term
There are a number of other interpretations of this noun that are not so often used:
- Corpus is a group of persons united by a common official position or mission. For example, the diplomatic corps.
- Also, this noun is often used in the names of any organizations or associations to emphasize their goals: the Peace Corps or the Green Lantern Corps (a superhero organization in DC comics).
- The typographic font size (10 points) is also called a body.
- In linguistics, this noun is a complete collection of texts of a certain subject or author.
- The case is also called the common wire of radio circuits or electrical circuits.
Cases or hulls? Plural Formation
Having figured out what a corpus is and where this word came from in Russian, you should pay attention to its plural.
The fact is that in Russian this term has 2 plurals: corpora and corpora. In order not to make a mistake with the choice, you need to clearly know in which lexicalmeaning the word is used.
- If we are talking about buildings, military formations or other organizations, the outer shells of something, then the correct spelling is hulls.
- If you mean a body part or a typographic font - hulls.
