One of the most mysterious planets in our solar system is called Venus. It is the second object from the Sun and the closest to Earth among large bodies. Venus, whose diameter is 95% of the diameter of our planet, constantly moves in the middle of the earth's orbit and can be between the Sun and the Earth. This is an incredibly mysterious space object that makes scientists admire its beauty and singularity. Much can be said about him, and all of this will be very interesting for earthlings.
Venus in numbers
Venus, with a diameter of 12,100 kilometers, is similar to Earth in many ways. Its surface is only ten percent smaller than the surface of our planet. In numbers, it looks like this: 4.610^8 km2. Its volume is 9.381011 km3, which is 85% more than the volume of our planet. The mass of Venus reaches 4, 8681024 kilograms. These indicators are quite close to the Earth's parameters, so this planet is often called the Earth's sister.
The average surface temperature of the mysterious planet is 462 degrees Celsius. Lead melts at this temperature. Venus (object diameter listed above) due to specific compositionits atmosphere is unsuitable for habitation of any life form known to scientists. Its atmospheric pressure is 92 times higher than Earth's. The air is dusty with ash of volcanic origin, and clouds of sulfate acid hover in it. The average wind speed on Venus reaches 360 kilometers per hour.
This planet has incredibly harsh conditions. Probes built specifically for research work can withstand no more than a couple of hours there. There are many volcanoes on the site - both dormant and active. There are over one thousand of them on the surface of the planet.
Travel along the Venus - Sun route
The distance from the Sun to Venus for ordinary people seems insurmountable. After all, it exceeds 108 million kilometers. One year on this planet lasts 224.7 Earth days. But if we consider how long one day passes here, then the proverb comes to mind that time drags on forever. One Venusian day is equal to 117 Earth days. This is where everything can be done in one day! In the night sky, Venus is considered the second brightest body, only the Moon shines brighter than it.
The distance from the Sun to Venus is nothing compared to the distance from Earth to Venus. If someone wants to go to this object, then he will have to fly 223 million kilometers.
All about the atmosphere
The atmosphere of the planet Venus is 96.5% carbon dioxide. The second place belongs to nitrogen, it is about 3.5% here. A score of fivetimes higher than the earth. M. V. Lomonosov was the discoverer of the atmosphere on the planet we are describing.
On June 6, 1761, a scientist watched Venus pass across the solar disk. During the study, he noticed that at the moment when the planet found its small part on the disk of the Sun (this was the beginning of the entire passage), a thin, like a hair, radiance appeared. It surrounded the part of the planetary disk that had not yet entered the Sun. When Venus descended from the disk, something similar took place. Thus, Lomonosov concluded that there is an atmosphere on Venus.
The atmosphere of the mysterious planet, in addition to carbon dioxide and nitrogen, also consists of water vapor and oxygen. These two substances are present here in minimal quantities, but still they cannot be left unattended. The atmosphere of the object included several space installations. The first successful attempt was made by the Soviet station Venera-3.
Hell Surface
Scientists say that the surface of the planet Venus is a real hell. As we have already mentioned, there are a huge number of volcanoes here. More than 150 areas of this body are formed by volcanoes. Therefore, one might get the impression that Venus is a more volcanic object than the Earth. But the surface of our cosmic body is constantly changing due to tectonic activity. And on Venus, as a result of unknown reasons, plate tectonics stopped many billions of years ago. The surface is stable there.
The surface of thisThe planet is strewn with a large number of meteorite craters, the diameter of which reaches 150-270 kilometers. Venus, whose diameter is indicated at the beginning of the article, has practically no craters on its surface with a diameter less than six kilometers.
Reverse rotation
The fact that Venus and the Sun are far from each other, we have already found out. They also established that this planet revolves around this star. But just how does she do it? The answer may surprise you: on the contrary. Venus rotates very, very slowly in the opposite direction. Its circulation period regularly slows down. So, since the beginning of the 90s of the last century, it began to rotate more slowly by 6.5 minutes. Scientists are not entirely sure why this happens. But according to one version, this is due to the fact that the weather conditions on the planet are unstable. Because of them, not only the planet begins to rotate more slowly, but also the atmospheric layer becomes thicker.
Shade of the planet
Venus and the Sun are two of the most interesting objects for researchers. Everything is of interest: from the mass of bodies to their color. We have established the mass of Venus, now let's talk about its shade. If it were possible to examine this planet as closely as possible, then it would appear before the contemplator in a bright white or yellowish tone without any structures in the clouds.
And if the opportunity presented itself to fly over the surface of the object, then people would consider the endless expanses of brown rocks. Due to the fact that Venus is too dim clouds, to its surfacelittle light comes. From this, all images are dull and have bright red tones. In reality, Venus is bright white.
