Both for scientists of past centuries, and for researchers of our time, the greatest mystery of space is a black hole. What is inside this completely unfamiliar system for physics? What laws apply there? How does time pass in a black hole, and why can't even light quanta escape from there? Now we will try, of course, from the point of view of theory, and not practice, to understand what is inside a black hole, why it, in principle, was formed and exists, how it attracts the objects that surround it.
First, let's describe this object
So, a certain region of space in the Universe is called a black hole. It is impossible to single it out as a separate star or planet, since it is neither a solid nor a gaseous body. Without a basic understanding of what spacetime is and how these dimensions can change, it is impossible to comprehend what is inside a black hole. The fact is that this area is not only a spatial unit. This is an object that distorts both the three dimensions known to us (length, width and height), as well as the timeline. Scientists are sure that in the region of the horizon(this is the name of the area surrounding the hole) time takes on a spatial value and can move both forward and backward.
Learn the secrets of gravity
If we want to understand what's inside a black hole, let's take a closer look at what gravity is. It is this phenomenon that is key in understanding the nature of the so-called "wormholes", from which even light cannot escape. Gravity is the interaction between all bodies that have a material basis. The strength of such gravity depends on the molecular composition of bodies, on the concentration of atoms, and also on their composition. The more particles collapse in a certain area of space, the greater the gravitational force. This is inextricably linked to the Big Bang Theory, when our universe was the size of a pea. It was a state of maximum singularity, and as a result of a flash of light quanta, space began to expand due to the fact that the particles repelled each other. Exactly the opposite is described by scientists as a black hole. What's inside such a thing according to TBZ? Singularity, which is equal to the indicators inherent in our Universe at the time of its birth.
How does matter get into a wormhole?
There is an opinion that a person will never be able to understand what is happening inside a black hole. Since, once there, he will be literally crushed by gravity and gravity. Actually this is not true. Yes, indeed, a black hole is a region of singularity where everything is compressedup to the maximum. But this is not a “space vacuum cleaner” at all, which is capable of drawing all the planets and stars into itself. Any material object that is on the event horizon will observe a strong distortion of space and time (so far, these units stand apart). The Euclidean system of geometry will begin to fail, in other words, parallel lines will intersect, the outlines of stereometric figures will cease to be familiar. As for time, it will gradually slow down. The closer you get to the hole, the slower the clock will go relative to Earth time, but you won't notice it. When hitting the "wormhole", the body will fall at zero speed, but this unit will be equal to infinity. This is the paradox of curvature, which equates the infinite to zero, which finally stops time at the singularity.
Reaction to emitted light
The only object in space that attracts light is a black hole. What is inside it and in what form it is there is unknown, but it is believed that this is pitch darkness, which is impossible to imagine. Light quanta, getting there, do not just disappear. Their mass is multiplied by the mass of the singularity, making it even larger and increasing its gravitational forces. Thus, if you turn on a flashlight inside a wormhole to look around, it will not glow. The emitted quanta will constantly multiply by the mass of the hole, and, roughly speaking, you will only aggravate your situation.
Black holes everywhere
As we have already figured out, the basis for the formation of points of no return is gravity, the value of which is millions of times greater than on Earth. The exact idea of what a black hole is was given to the world by Karl Schwarzschild, who, in fact, discovered the very event horizon and the point of no return, and also established that zero in a singularity state is equal to infinity. In his opinion, a black hole can form anywhere in space. In this case, a certain material object having a spherical shape must reach the gravitational radius. For example, the mass of our planet must fit in the volume of one pea to become a black hole. And the Sun should have a diameter of 5 kilometers with its mass - then its state will become singular.
The New World Formation Horizon
The laws of physics and geometry work perfectly on earth and in outer space, where space is close to vacuum. But they completely lose their significance on the event horizon. That is why, from a mathematical point of view, it is impossible to calculate what is inside a black hole. The pictures that you can come up with if you bend space in accordance with our ideas about the world are certainly far from the truth. It has only been established that time here turns into a spatial unit and, most likely, some more dimensions are added to the existing ones. This makes it possible to believe that inside the black hole (the photo, as you know, will not show this, since the light thereeats itself) completely different worlds are formed. These universes may be composed of antimatter, which is currently unfamiliar to scientists. There are also versions that the sphere of no return is just a portal that leads either to another world or to other points in our Universe.
Birth and death
Where more mysterious than the existence of a black hole is its birth or disappearance. The sphere that distorts space-time, as we have already found out, is formed as a result of collapse. This may be the explosion of a large star, the collision of two or more bodies in space, and so on. But how did matter, which could theoretically be felt, become a realm of time distortion? The puzzle is in progress. But it is followed by a second question - why do such spheres of no return disappear? And if black holes evaporate, then why doesn't that light and all the cosmic matter that they pulled in come out of them? When the matter in the singularity zone begins to expand, gravity gradually decreases. As a result, the black hole simply dissolves, and ordinary vacuum outer space remains in its place. Another mystery follows from this - where did everything that got into her go?
Gravity is our key to a happy future?
Researchers are confident that the energy future of mankind can form a black hole. What is inside this system is still unknown, but it was possible to establish that on the event horizon any matter is transformed into energy, but, of course, partially. For example, a person, finding himself near the point of no return, will give 10 percent of his matter for its processing into energy. This figure is simply colossal, it has become a sensation among astronomers. The fact is that on Earth, during nuclear fusion, only 0.7 percent of matter is converted into energy.
