Krasnodar Territory is a unique region of our country. It is located at the junction of climatic zones, historical civilizations and national cultures. It is about the peoples and traditions of the region that will be discussed further.
Demographic background
About 5 million 300 thousand people live in the Krasnodar Territory. Almost all the peoples of Russia live here: Tatars, Chuvashs, Bashkirs, etc. Of these, 5 million 200 thousand people are citizens of the Russian Federation. They live as foreigners - 12.6 thousand. With dual citizenship - 2, 9 thousand. Persons without any citizenship - 11.5 thousand people.
The number of inhabitants is constantly growing. This is facilitated by the influx of migrants. Housing in the region is in great demand. People move here for permanent residence. This is due to the region's mild climate.
There are 26 cities, 13 large settlements and 1725 other small rural settlements in the region. The ratio of urban and rural residents is approximately 52 to 48 percent. Almost 34% of the urban population lives in four large cities: Sochi, Krasnodar, Novorossiysk and Armavir.
Fusion of different peoples
The peoples living in the Krasnodar Territory are about 150 nationalities. The main ethnic groups inhabiting the Kuban:
- Russians - 86.5%.
- Armenians - 5.4%.
- Ukrainians - 1.6%.
- Tatars - 0.5%.
- Other – 6%.
The main part of the population, as can be seen from the list, are Russians. Smaller ethnic groups live compactly in small areas. These are, for example, Greeks, Tatars, Armenians. In the Krasnodar Territory, they mainly live on the coast and adjacent areas.
Kuban Cossacks
The historical estate of the Cossacks today is preparing future conscripts for the army, the military-patriotic education of youth, the protection of important objects in the region, and the maintenance of public order. Without them, all the peoples of the Krasnodar Territory can no longer imagine life, because. their role is enormous in maintaining order in the region.
The uniqueness of the Kuban land
The traditions of the peoples of the Krasnodar Territory are very peculiar. Everyone who considers himself a Cossack must follow the long-term traditions and instructions of experienced people who are faithful to the cause of their ancestors. Of course, it is difficult to list all the cultural features of the Kuban. There are a lot of traditions and customs here. And all of them are distinguished by rationality and beauty. But we will try to tell you about the most interesting ones.
Construction and home improvement
For the Cossacks, building a home is one ofthe most important events in life. Almost the whole world helped each family build a house.
This, as the Kuban Cossacks believed, binds the people into a single whole, which means it makes them stronger. Turluch houses were built according to this principle.
Before construction began, shreds of dog, sheep, chicken feathers, etc. were thrown around the perimeter of the territory of future housing. This was done in order to have living creatures in the house.
Then the pillars were dug into the ground, they were intertwined with a vine among themselves. When the frame was ready, they called all friends and neighbors so that they would be the first to make a “hut” at home.
Coated the walls with clay mixed with straw. A cross was driven into the corner of the "front" to bless the house and its inhabitants. They smeared housing in 3 layers, the last of which was mixed with manure.
Such houses were considered the warmest and "kindest" not only in terms of the quality of the building, but also due to the positive energy of the people who helped to build. After the construction was completed, the owners arranged gatherings with refreshments. It was a kind of gratitude for the help, instead of a modern cash payment.
The interior decoration was almost the same for all residents of the Kuban. The house had two rooms. There was an oven in the small one. Wooden benches almost the entire length of the room and a huge table. This spoke of the large number of families and hospitality. There were chests, chest of drawers and other furniture in the large room. As a rule, it was made to order. The main place in the house was the red corner - a table or shelf lined with icons and decorated withtowels and paper flowers. Candles, prayer books, Easter dishes, memorial books were kept here.
Towels are a traditional Kuban home decoration. Piece of fabric tied with lace, cross-stitched or satin stitch.
Traditions of the peoples of the Krasnodar Territory go deep into antiquity. They honor their ancestors and try to instill culture and traditions in their children. A very popular part of the Kuban interior is photographs on the walls. It was considered a family heirloom. The photo depicted important events in the life of the family.
Cossack clothing
Men's wardrobe consisted of a military and casual suit. Military uniform - dark Circassian coat, trousers of the same cloth, hood, beshmet, hat, winter cloak and boots.
Women's clothing consisted mainly of a cotton or woolen skirt pleated at the waist for fullness and a long-sleeved blouse with buttons trimmed with hand-lace. The value of clothing in the Cossacks was of great importance. It was believed that the more beautiful the clothes, the more clearly they indicate the status in society.
Kitchen
The peoples of the Krasnodar Territory are a multinational community, so Kuban cuisine is very diverse. The main diet of the Cossacks is wheat bread, fish, fruits, vegetables, and livestock products. The most popular dish is borsch, to which they added beans, lard, meat, and sauerkraut. Also favorite dishes were dumplings, dumplings.
Meat in the Kuban is eaten much more than in any other region of Russia. Love in the Kubanalso lard, which is eaten both s alted and fried. In the past, food was traditionally cooked in ovens in cast iron utensils.
Crafts of the Kuban
The peoples of the Krasnodar Territory were famous for their artisans. They worked with wood, clay, stone and metal. Each region had its famous potters, who provided dishes for the whole people. Every seventh man worked in the forge. This is the most ancient Cossack art. Kuznetsov was valued and praised. They knew how to make edged weapons, household utensils, shoe horses and much more.
Women's craft was weaving. Girls from childhood were taught this needlework.
Weaving gave people clothes, home decorations.
We made canvases from hemp and sheep wool. The loom, spinning wheels were indispensable items in every home. Women had to be able to work for them.
Peoples of the Krasnodar Territory: way of life
Families in the Kuban were big. This was explained by a huge shortage of workers. From the age of 18 to 38, every man was considered liable for military service. He did a 4-year military service and was required to attend all training camps, have a horse and full uniform.
Women took care of children and the elderly, did household chores. Each family had more than 5 children. In large ones, their number reached up to 15. Land was given out for each child born, which made it possible to have a good household and feed the whole family. Children were introduced to work very early. At 5-7 years old, they already helped in all matters that were within their power.
Language
They mostly speak a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian. In oral speech, there are many words borrowed from the highlanders. The speech is unique and interesting. Many proverbs and sayings are used in communication.
Names of the peoples of the Krasnodar Territory
This part of Russia is so multinational that it can easily be called the land of the united nations. Whom you will not meet here! Thanks to the ethnic diversity, the culture of this region is multifaceted and interesting.
In the Krasnodar Territory live both the traditional peoples of Russia (Tatars, Mordovians, Maris, Chuvashs, Ossetians, Circassians, Lezgins, Kumyks, Adyghes, Avars, Dargins, Udmurts), and representatives of the nations of other states. These are Armenians, Ukrainians, Georgians, Belarusians, Kazakhs, Greeks, Germans, Poles, Uzbeks, Moldovans, Lithuanians, Finns, Romanians, Koreans, Tajiks, Turkmens, Estonians.
