The syntactic characteristic of a sentence, which is otherwise called "syntactic parsing", is required to systematize its structures, which helps to more fully understand its meaning and avoid mistakes when punctuating. As a rule, such written work is required in institutions of secondary education, since subsequently it is carried out mentally at an automatic level.
First of all, the sentence is characterized by the purpose of the statement and emotional coloring. It can be declarative, interrogative, or motivating; exclamatory or non-exclamatory. Most of the information at this stage is taken from the final punctuation mark: the question mark unambiguously makes it clear that we have an interrogative sentence, and the period - that it is not an exclamation. The incentive can be recognized by the presence of a verb in the imperative mood.
The following is a description of the sentence by the number of bases: simple - if it is one, and complex - if there are several of them.
If the sentence turned out to be simple, characterize it by type bases - one-piece ortwo-part. In the first case, it is necessary to indicate the category (nominal, definitely or indefinitely personal, impersonal). In the second - a complete sentence or an incomplete one.
After this, the proposal is characterized by the presence of secondary members - it can be widespread or non-common. Next, we indicate the presence of complicating structures - introductory words, appeals, participial and adverbial phrases, homogeneous members, direct speech, isolated constructions. And finally, we analyze all the members of the sentence, indicating the parts of speech by which they are expressed. Explain punctuation marks. The characteristic of a sentence, if it is simple, ends here.
The characteristic of a complex sentence is somewhat different from the scheme described above. The second paragraph is followed by an indication of the type of connection between its parts - it can be allied or non-union. When an allied connection is found, we determine the type of sentence - compound or complex.
After that, we analyze each simple construction separately, as if they were separate proposals for the algorithm given above. In the same way, the composition, the presence of secondary members, complication, and so on are indicated. This completes the characterization of a sentence.
So we see that any characterization of a sentence ultimately boils down to explaining punctuation marks. That is, it is needed to conduct a systematic self-examination. In addition, this procedure helpsavoid common syntactical errors, in particular, incorrect agreement between parts of a sentence. The characteristic of the proposal in most cases is quite simple, but there is also a downside to the coin. The slightest mistake can lead to a misinterpretation of the sentence or its incorrect spelling. Of course, when working with ready-made examples, this is not so scary. But in tasks where the punctuation marks depend on the analysis of the sentence, one should try to approach the characterization as seriously as possible. And then you can avoid a lot of mistakes.
