Many parents find it difficult to help their children learn. You have to re-learn the rules. Over time, they are forgotten. When a child enters the 1st grade, it will be difficult to map out a sentence. At school, the teacher selects simple examples to show how to correctly find a sentence in a text, how to depict it graphically.
Proposition members: where to start?
The first thing to start with is to define what a sentence is. These are several words that are connected logically and intonationally. Most importantly, there is a grammatical basis, which consists of a subject and a predicate. The first main member denotes an object or person who performs some action. The predicate will tell about him.
Another important point is the definition of the word with which the sentence begins, as well as the total number of words. For example, "Mom is reading a book." In the sentence, the first word is “mom”, and there are three words in total. Now we need to find the grammatical basis. First question: "Who?" So it's talkingabout an animated object. Second question: "What does it do?" It refers to the verb. It remains to define the word "book", which is a minor member of the sentence, addition.
Construction of elementary circuits
The sentence is a semantic unit. The first begins with drawing up simple schemes. They indicate the boundaries of the beginning and end of the sentence. There is no word count here.
- The guys are walking. I_.
- Mom is washing the dishes. I_.
Such schemes show that the proposal is a single unit, therefore it is complete. It is important to teach children how to outline a sentence in 1st grade, as this will help them find the syntactic unit in the text. Subsequently, the structure will be more complicated. There will be as many dashes as there are words. These include all independent and service parts of speech.
If a child learns to make diagrams, he will understand where one word ends and another begins. So, they will be written separately. The systematic graphic representation of sentences shows that they always begin to write it with a capital letter. This is where you need to put a vertical line.
Depending on what sentence the purpose of the statement is: declarative, imperative or exclamatory, a certain punctuation mark is put at the end.
- The sun is shining brightly outside. I_ _ _ _ _.
- Children sledding. I_ _ _ _.
- We are going to the sea! I_ _ _ _!
- Will you help me do my homework? I_ _ _ _ _?
Display in spelling schemes
Before a sentence is drawn up in the 1st grade, spelling is first taught. The first is a capital letter in proper names. The names of cities, the names of people, the names of animals begin with it. In diagrams, it is indicated with a vertical bar. They act as a visual aid, with the help of which they consolidate the knowledge already gained.
- Petya and Vanya will go to their grandmother in the summer. I_ _ I_ _ _ _ _.
- Alena loves sweets very much. I_ _ _ _.
- Dad helped Rita and Kostya do their homework. I_ _ I_ _ I_ _ _ _.
- Moscow and Volgograd are in Russia. I_ _ I_ _ _ I_.
Later, children will learn about the concept of dialogue. In the literal period, the first knowledge of direct speech is laid. Students will learn that sentences begin with a capital letter, and each new line is preceded by an unusual dash sign.
- Who ate all the candy? - I_ _ _ _?
- Kids! - I_!
Children already in the 1st grade draw up a sentence scheme with all punctuation marks. This will help you write words correctly, and when reading, highlight punctuation marks using intonation.
Algorithm for constructing a circuit
"Make a sentence outline" - assignments in the 1st grade most often sound like that. It is not difficult to complete them. Just keep it simplealgorithm. The main rule is how many words, so many dashes. How many words with a capital letter, so many vertical lines.
Students follow this pattern:
- Read the sentence.
- Set the meaning.
- Reveal spelling in the form of words that are capitalized.
- Determine the type of sentence: narrative, reasoning, question. The arrangement of punctuation marks depends on this.
- If there is a dialogue, put a dash.
- Count the number of words, including prepositions, conjunctions and particles.
After that, you can draw a diagram in a notebook. It is important not to forget about all the spellings.
Help with charting
To help a child chart a sentence in 1st grade, the pattern is placed in front of the student. He must know where to start the analysis. It is better to start training with a simple sentence, which consists of two or three words.
First, they write it off in a notebook, then they begin to analyze it. If it is difficult for a child to determine the number of words and which sign to put, an adult needs to say the sentence. And the number of words can be slammed.
It is important to pay attention to small words. These are conjunctions, particles and prepositions. When a child in the 1st grade draws up a sentence outline, such words are highlighted with a small line. That is, already during training, they show that such words are not equivalent to other members of the sentence.
Things to remember: examples
The child must distinguish between short and long sentences. showing simple anddifficult examples in 1st grade how to chart a sentence can help children in the future. They will find the main and secondary members of the sentence. Continuous learning allows you to determine the boundaries of sentences in the text.
Here are some examples:
- I sing. I_ _.
- Mom bakes pies. I_ _ _.
- Children walk on the street. I_ _ _ _.
- White snow is a beautiful carpet. I_ _ _ _ _.
These are simple declarative sentences. A dot is placed at the end. If they encourage action, convey feelings and emotions, put an exclamation point. When asking a question, put a question mark at the end of the sentence.
- What beautiful flowers! I_ _ _!
- Who helped you do your homework? I_ _ _ _ _ _?
- How bright the sun shines! I_ _ _ _!
- Where is your pencil case? I_ _ _ _?
It is important to pay attention to common nouns. They are written with a capital letter, which means that they are graphically distinguished in the diagrams using the same line as at the beginning of the sentence.
- Nikita is studying in the class. I_ _ _ I_.
- My dog's name is Kuzma. I_ _ _ I_.
Training in proposal mapping is essential. In the process of learning the rules, children read faster, understand the meaning of the text. It is easy for them to complete tasks in which it is necessary to find the boundaries of sentences. In the process of reading, the children will learn to distinguish between narrative statements from other types. So they can easily make an interrogative or exclamatoryoffer, understand how they differ.
