The totality of all knowledge about nature is called natural science. Due to the diversity of natural phenomena over many millennia, separate scientific directions have been formed in their study. What sciences study nature? First of all, it is physics, biology, geography, astronomy, chemistry and other sciences. When scientists discovered new properties of matter, new sections within each direction were opened. Thus, a whole system of knowledge was formed - the sciences that study nature.
Physics
This scientific field studies the general properties of various types of matter, as well as the nature of its movement, which can be mechanical, thermal, atomic, electromagnetic, nuclear. Physics is one of the exact fundamental sciences. Physical laws and concepts, which are expressed in mathematical language, formed the basis for modern natural science. In scientific circles, physics is considered to be an experimental study.
Within this science, there are many subsections, for example, general, atomic,molecular physics, quantum mechanics, etc.
Chemistry
Chemistry also played an important role in shaping the modern scientific picture of the world. This is the science of nature, which studies substances, their structure, composition, properties, and transformations. Moreover, the properties of substances are revealed experimentally - as a result of their interaction with each other. Here the main attention is focused on the chemical form of material movement. Within this scientific area there is a division into organic, analytical, physical chemistry, etc.
Astronomy
The science of nature called astronomy is a body of knowledge about our universe. It explores the nature of the movement of a wide variety of celestial bodies, their properties, development, origin. To date, two sections of astronomy have become independent sciences. It is about cosmogony and cosmology. Cosmology considers the issues of the structure and development of all objects of the Universe in the aggregate. Cosmogony specializes in the question of the origin of celestial objects. One of the modern astronomical areas is astronautics.
Biology
This is the science of nature, studying its living component. The subject of biology is life as one of the forms of matter movement, as well as the laws of its development and interaction with the environment. Here all life components are studied - structure, functions, origin, development, evolution, resettlement of livingcreatures on the planet.
This scientific area has the largest number of subsections. Among them are anatomy, microbiology, cytology, ecology, genetics and many others.
Science
This is the general science of nature. In other words, natural science is the totality of all the teachings about nature reduced to a single beginning. This is not only a generalized, but also an integrated system of knowledge. The forerunner of the emergence of natural science was the need for a new integrated approach. This allows you to objectively learn natural phenomena and use patterns for national economic purposes.
Natural science is also divided into two large sections according to the type of research object - organic and inorganic. The inorganic type of natural science deals with the study of the movement of the inanimate component of nature, while the organic type studies the manifestations of life.
According to the methods of cognition and content, natural science is divided into theoretical and empirical. Empirical natural science deals with registration, installation, accumulation and description of facts. At this stage, the information goes through the first stage of processing. The theoretical analyzes, generalizes, puts forward theories, hypotheses, establishes the laws of nature. On the basis of established laws, previously unknown causal relationships are revealed, and a generalized idea of nature is formed - a picture of the world.
Each field of knowledge has its own depth and accuracy of description of various characteristics and properties of nature. Because of this, at the same time there is a large number of the most diverse ideas about nature. They are all based on different principles and are only approximations.
Thus, with the knowledge of nature for many millennia, the process of formation of natural sciences took place. Such a differentiated approach was a necessary stage of knowledge. Its reason is the need for a more detailed study of natural phenomena and processes. The main sciences of nature are chemistry, biology, physics, astronomy. However, nature is a complex self-regulating and multifaceted organism. Therefore, at the intersection of sciences, related teachings appeared, such as biophysics, astrophysics, physical chemistry, etc. The sciences that study nature are combined into one section called natural science.
