Throughout its history, humanity has almost always resorted to violence in solving certain issues that arose directly between states and their structural elements. Because from the moment a person picked up a stick, he realized that by force you can force your own kind to act in the right way. In the process of the evolution of society, the sphere of military art was also developed. That is, people are constantly looking for and are looking for new ways to destroy each other. But, in addition to this part of the military craft, the management sector has also developed. In other words, the process of direct control of the army has become more efficient and allows the potential of the entire army to be realized much more fully. However, some army institutions of a coordinating nature have a rather long history. They have been formed over many centuries. It is quite possible to classify the position of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief as such, which today plays a significant role in many military processes and actual conflicts. It should be noted that this post is not only a great responsibility, but also a spectrum of a huge number of powers. In addition, for the person holding this post,entrusted with the performance of a number of functions, which will be discussed later in the article.
Who is the Supreme Commander?
This term denotes several concepts at once. As the author has already pointed out earlier, this is a certain institution in the field of military administration. In other words, the supreme commander as a position is a combination of a certain kind of obligations, functions and responsibilities. But there is another interpretation of the presented term. According to it, the supreme commander is a specific person who is endowed with a large number of powers in the field of military command and who coordinates absolutely the entire array of troops of a particular state.
The Commander-in-Chief as the highest official
The article will consider the Supreme Commander precisely as a person belonging to the highest echelon of power. As a rule, this person is central in the entire military hierarchy of the state. In some cases, the supreme commander is exclusively the person who exercises command of the army and navy in the field. In other cases, these powers are vested in the head of state. This trend is a kind of tribute to democratic relations within many existing states. In addition, the concentration in the hands of the democratic leader of the authority to exercise command of the troops allows you to secure the country from the seizure of power by the military elite.
History of the term
To date, it is not known for certain in what historical period this term appeared and began to be used in the sense in which everyone is used to hearing it. In this case, it is not clear why the functions of the head of state and the central figure of the military sector were divided. It is known that for the first time the term "commander-chief" was used by Charles I, king of Scotland, England and Ireland. He combined the powers of the ruler and commander in chief. Thus, many historians believe that it was from this moment that the institute mentioned in the article appeared. In other words, Charles I is the first supreme commander in world history.
Position of commander-in-chief in Russian history
The Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces first appeared in the "Table of Ranks" not so long ago. His position was first established on the territory of modern Russia during the First World War. For the first time, Prince Nikolai Nikolaevich the Younger was appointed to the presented position. It happened on July 20, 1914. The institute was created with the aim of reorganizing the current structure and centralizing military power in the hands of a representative of the royal family. In addition, such a step was correct from the point of view of common sense, because by that time public dissatisfaction with the autocracy regime in the empire was already ripe. During the First World War, the position of commander-in-chief was transferred more than oncevarious prominent commanders of the imperial army, up to the signing of the Brest peace treaty. From that moment on, the commander-in-chief was appointed only to coordinate the activities of the army and navy.
Further development of the position
Today everyone knows who is the supreme commander and what this position is. But when the Soviet Union arose as a separate integral state, then, as a result of the already indicated agreement, this post was not approved due to the absence of military conflicts. The Supreme Commander of the Second World War (Great Patriotic War) was appointed from among the political elite. On August 8, 1941, Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin became him. It should be noted that he remained in this position even after the immediate end of the war. But in the USSR, it was decided that a reorganization of such a post as the supreme commander was required. The Great Patriotic War ended, Stalin died, and a new conflict with the United States was on the threshold. Therefore, behind the scenes, this position began to be occupied by the chairman of the USSR Defense Council.
Institute in modern Russia
Today, the Supreme Commander of the Russian Army is the position held by the supreme leader of the entire array of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
This status is not only supported by the organizational structure of the army, but also legally regulated. Article 87 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation states thatthe supreme commander is the president of the country.
Normative base of position
In accordance with the fact that the Russian Federation is a legal and democratic state, almost all issues of public regulation are regulated by law. The Supreme Commander is no exception. It operates on the basis of the norms of various regulations. Thus, the system of normative regulation of the position consists of the following legal acts, namely:
1) Constitution of the Russian Federation.
2) Federal law "On Martial Law".
3) Federal Defense Law.
These acts also spell out what powers the Supreme Commander of the Russian Federation has.
Powers
The Supreme Commander of the Russian Federation is endowed with a number of specific powers that other persons in the hierarchy of state power do not possess. The person holding this position is authorized to:
- In the event of a direct threat to the Russian Federation, introduce martial law on the territory of the state.
- Control the implementation of martial law.
- Ensure the functioning of the highest organs of state power during this regime.
- Create plans to involve the Armed Forces in order to ensure martial law.
- Ensure the suspension of the activities of political parties and other propaganda units on the territory of the state in a war.
- Enforce bans on holdingrallies and campaigns under martial law.
- The Supreme Commander is entrusted with the task of approving the military doctrine of the Russian Federation.
- In addition, the commander-in-chief appoints and dismisses the high command of the AFRF.
- The person holding this position determines the military policy on the territory of the state.
- The commander-in-chief can mobilize the army if there are grounds for it.
- He also decides on the direct deployment of AFRF troops.
- The Commander-in-Chief issues decrees on the conscription of citizens for military service.
In addition to the powers presented, the President (as the Supreme Commander-in-Chief) is entrusted with a number of other specific functions that are also important for ensuring the defense capability and military power of the state. To date, the position presented in the article is held by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin.
Regulatory acts issued by the commander-in-chief
In order to exercise his powers and organize the activities of the Armed Forces, a person holding this position has the opportunity to issue certain kinds of regulations in the field of his direct activity. In accordance with this, within the framework of his competence, the supreme commander has the right to issue orders and directives.
In addition, in order to encourage activities to ensure the defense capability of the state, he awards deserving persons with diplomas, and also announces gratitude to them.
In conclusion, it should be notedthat the presented institution has a number of characteristic features in the expanses of the fatherland. In addition, the legal regime of its regulation still needs some improvements so that the exercise of the powers of the person holding the presented position is carried out more efficiently and fully.
