What is phraseology? This is the science of fixed expressions with modified meaning. They are also called phraseological units. They are in any language, these phrases are a reflection of folk culture, they make speech much more expressive.
A little about this science
What is phraseology, and where did this term come from? It is of Greek origin and consists of two parts: "speech turnover" and "teaching". Phraseology belongs to the section of linguistics. The subject of study of this science are the properties of phraseological units, which are:
- morphological;
- semantic;
- stylistic.
Another meaning of phraseology is a set of phraseological units that are characteristic of a particular language. This scientific discipline appeared in the 40-50s of the twentieth century. Thanks to phraseology, you will be able to better understand the language culture.
Features of grammatical structure
Russian phraseology has its own peculiarities. Set expressions have a grammatical structure. Therefore, phraseological units can be divided into two groups.
- Stable expressions likeoffer. For example, "like a cow licked it with its tongue".
- Phraseological units in the form of phrases. For example, "sleeveless". Phraseological phrases differ in what parts of speech the phraseological unit consists of. And which word is the main one from a grammatical point of view.
Therefore, phraseological units are:
- nominal;
- verbs.
In nouns, the main word is either a noun or an adjective. Verbs usually consist of a verb and an adverb or noun. It is the grammatical structure that distinguishes Russian phraseology from other languages.
Role in syntax and vocabulary
To better understand what phraseology is, you need to take a closer look at the subject of study of this science. Therefore, it is important to consider the syntactic role of set expressions. They can be any member of the sentence. Most often they are a circumstance or a predicate. For example: "The students puzzled over the problem."
Vocabulary and phraseology are interrelated, because these two sciences are sections of linguistics. And they study the features of a particular language. Vocabulary is a science that studies the word as a unit of vocabulary and the entire language system. And phraseology is engaged in the study of set expressions that are included in this lexical system.
A little about proverbs
What is phraseology exactly in Russian? These are proverbs and sayings. They belong to oral folk art. ATProverbs and sayings always contain some teaching. Therefore, there are so many such set expressions in Russian.
Often in proverbs and sayings there are words that are already outdated, and they are used only in oral folk art. They make speech richer and more expressive, allow you to better know folk culture and expand your vocabulary. Therefore, proverbs and sayings begin to be studied even at preschool age. What is phraseology with elements of linguistics, begin to study in schools and universities.
Signs of stable expressions
How to determine if an expression is a phraseological unit? There are features that are unique to phraseological units.
- They consist of two or more words. For example, "play on the nerves", "seven spans in the forehead".
- You cannot distort or replace words in this expression. Because phraseologisms were formed in the course of a long time and became indivisible structures. If you replace the word, the expression takes on a completely different meaning. Therefore, the indivisibility of the construction is the main feature of the phraseological unit.
- Situationalness - one of the special properties of a phraseological unit is its use in a specific situation. They help to better and more accurately express a thought or attitude, make speech more expressive. For example: "Dad made an elephant out of a fly."
- Phraseologisms have a figurative meaning. Therefore, to understand the meaning of some expressions, you can only use a dictionary.
Phraseology of the language allows betterto feel its beauty, to understand folk culture, history. The main thing is to understand when these expressions need to be used in order to make speech more expressive. And it is important to understand the meaning of phraseology. So you will demonstrate to others your erudition, literacy and ability to correctly and beautifully express your opinion, using the we alth of language tools.
