Fuel and energy resources are considered the basis of modern economic activity in any country. At the same time, this industry is the main polluter of the natural complex. In particular, open pit oil and coal mining has a strong negative impact on the environment.
Russia's energy resources are considered the leading sector of the economy in the country. Advanced technologies in the extraction and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials were used at all stages of the development of this industry. In modern conditions, it is impossible to do without them. This is due to the high level of competition, which is why one has to constantly look for more efficient forms of the production processes themselves, and methods for their regulation.
Energy resources refer to a complex intersectoral system of production and extraction of raw materials, their transportation, use and distribution.
The technical and economic values, scale, dynamics of social production, industry in the first place depend on the development of this industry. In accordance with the requirements for the territorial organization of the sphere under consideration, an approximateposition to the sources of raw materials is the main criterion by which the formation of the industry is carried out. Efficient energy resources are considered the basis for the formation of various industrial complexes, determining their specialization in energy-intensive industries. The main consumers are located in the European territories of Russia. At the same time, about eighty percent of geological reserves are located in the eastern regions. This determines the distance of transportation, which, in turn, affects the cost of production.
Energy resources are endowed with an essential regional-forming function. So, close to their sources, a powerful infrastructure is being developed, which has a beneficial effect on industry, the development of towns and cities. At the same time, about ninety percent of greenhouse gas emissions, a third of harmful compounds that enter the water, are accounted for by this particular production sector.
The energy complex is characterized by a developed industrial infrastructure, presented in the form of main pipelines. They are designed to transport natural gas, oil products.
Energy resources are closely related to many areas of the national economy. Their extraction, distribution is carried out using the products of metallurgy, mechanical engineering. About thirty percent of financial resources are spent on the development of the fuel and energy complex. Branches of this economic sphere provide, in turn, about 30% of industrial output.
The well-being of the country's citizens is directly connected with the fuel and energy complex. The development of this industry makes it possible to cope with such problems as unemployment and inflation. To date, more than two hundred enterprises are involved in it in Russia, employing more than two million people.
