Currently, both printed and electronic educational resources are equally popular. However, if the first exist for a long time, then the second appeared relatively recently. The use of electronic educational resources is determined by the needs of the modern world, the intensive development of information technology. The implementation of many educational programs today is carried out using a PC. What can be attributed to educational electronic resources? The answer to this question is in the article.
General characteristics
An electronic resource is a resource presented in digital form. For its application, BT funds are needed. In general, it includes subject content, structure, and metadata. The first two elements form the content. Metadata representsinformation that characterizes the content and structure of the resource. It may include information, software that is necessary for development and subsequent use. The subject content, structure, methods of using the resource are determined depending on its functional purpose and the specifics of a particular information and educational system.
Specifics
The content is the basis of the electronic resource. The metadata contains the standardized information that is needed to find it. Everything that can be attributed to educational electronic resources, information services, technologies and tools created on a software and hardware platform, together form an automated learning system. The content must undergo editorial and publishing processing and contain output data. It is distributed unchanged and is referred to as the digital edition.
Classification
What can be attributed to educational electronic resources? The content may be different editions generated in digital form. These could be:
- Tutorials. They contain a systematic presentation of a particular discipline, its part, section, corresponding to the accepted curriculum. Such electronic educational resources must be officially approved and authorized for use.
- Teaching aids. These publications contain materials describing the methods of teaching and studying disciplines, their parts or sections.
- Teaching and visual aids. These electronic educational resourcesusually contain illustrations and other visual materials.
- Tutorials. They are designed for self-study.
- Workshops. These publications contain practical tasks that contribute to the assimilation of the studied material.
Extra
Not everything that can be attributed to educational electronic resources is defined in state standards. For example, GOST does not provide for automated courses and computer training programs. Meanwhile, they are also considered as electronic educational resources. A computer training program, as a rule, is presented in the form of a systematic presentation of material intended for the study of any issue in the subject. It includes illustrative (including multimedia), textual material, control tasks, hyperlinks. Computer programs are used both for self-study and for mastering with the help of a teacher. They contribute not only to the acquisition of theoretical knowledge, but also allow you to gain some practical skills. Several computer programs covering different issues of the discipline are combined into automated courses. At their core, they act as electronic methodological complexes.
Types of publications
Everything that can be attributed to educational electronic resources is divided into independent and derivative publications. The first are created initially in digital form. Derivative publications are based or composed of printedresources. Educational material can be initially created on paper and then transferred without changes to a digital format. In this case, we are talking about an electronic copy of a printed publication.
Distribution Terms
Everything related to educational electronic resources is provided to users in various ways. For example, there are local digital editions. They are distributed on machine-readable removable media or files that are used on special devices. There are digital materials for online distribution. They are hosted on servers. Access to such resources is provided through information and telecommunication networks. Comprehensive distribution digital content is currently being created.
Method of interaction
Electronic educational resources in the educational process can be deterministic. The order in which they are accessed is determined by the author or manufacturer. The established rules cannot be changed by the user. There are also interactive materials. Interaction with them is set by the user based on algorithms provided by the manufacturer/author.
Structure
Electronic educational resources of the school, containing interconnected content and intended for collective use in the course of education, form an educational and methodological complex. Its structure and content are determined by the features and requirements of the programs, the provisions of regulatory andmethodological documents. Educational and methodological complexes are used to study individual educational modules, disciplines, as well as in the implementation of the entire learning process as a whole.
Important moment
Any electronic publication, including electronic, intended for use for educational purposes, must undergo artistic, scientific, technical and literary editing, examination and review. Based on the results of these procedures, it is assigned an official stamp, which determines the type and level of application. In addition, the publication must have an apparatus in accordance with GOST R 7.0.83-2012 and GOST 7.60-2003. Content that has not been processed is not an official digital educational resource.
Imprint
They contain a set of information in text form. The output is characterized directly by the publication itself. They are intended for unambiguous identification of the resource, bibliographic processing, informing users, as well as statistical accounting. The location and composition of this information depends on the type of digital publication, design, method of distribution, and the number of physical media. Placement of output data is carried out on the main and additional title screens. They are connected to each other by transitions. The most important information is placed on the main screen, on the additional - there is over-graduation and graduation information. It may also contain a splash screen. It is a static or dynamicimage of the key idea of the work, which is made out with the help of sound or visual means, text with graphic elements. The main screen, thus, performs the function of the title page (cover) of the printed publication, and the additional screen functions as its reverse side. The output must be in the form of text and available regardless of how the resource is used. They are issued in accordance with GOST R 7.0.83-2012.
Information content
The output on the secondary screen contains information about:
- Amount of information in MB.
- Duration of video and sound clips.
- Packages of the publication (number of media, availability of accompanying documents, etc.).
- Requirements for the processor (clock frequency, type), free and RAM, operating, acoustic and video system, peripheral equipment, additional software.
Minimum network resource requirements also include information about the browser (version and type), Internet connection speed, additional add-ons.
Key elements
The main material of an electronic educational publication, depending on the structure and purpose of the program, may consist of several components: parts, chapters, sections, paragraphs, etc. The frame (screen page) acts as a key element. It is an addressable componentcontent of the publication in the form of a logically completed information or control structural unit. Each frame contains a list of elements with a specific set of properties. Components form the basis of the page script, determine the order and sequence of actions of the resource interpreter during execution. Properties specify the execution order, location, and state of the frame. All pages are numbered.
Technological moments
In general cases, the simplest electronic resources - textbooks, tutorials, manuals - can be created in ordinary office programs. They, for example, are text and graphic editors, publishing systems, and so on. In the process of creation, hyperlinks, installations of fragments borrowed from any sources are implemented. Playback is also possible using office programs. As a rule, such resources are used for personal purposes. As for the publications necessary for a teacher, their creation requires specialized methodological material, more complex programs and algorithms.
