A person may not know what the cold is if he was born and spent his whole life in Botswana, Qatar or Southern California. But residents of the northern regions are well aware of the feeling when "a tooth does not fall on a tooth" or "frost penetrates to the bones."
In the article, we will consider how the body reacts to the cold, why it can shiver for no apparent reason. We will also tell you where the coldest person should not go, and how low temperatures are used for the benefit of mankind.
Why is it cold?
Let's take a closer look. The word "cold" has a lexical meaning quite definite. This is the name of the low air temperature, speaking about the time of year or about a particular area. This concept refers to bad weather, frost, cold and an uncomfortable feeling in which a person feels chills.
When people are cold at low ambient temperatures, this is a normal physiological state. Especially if a person does not get enough sleep, is hungry or lightly dressed. Feeling cold is the body's response to heat loss, which is controlled by the process of thermoregulation.
It happens thata person often becomes chilly even in warm weather or in good weather: fingers and toes freeze, jaws cramp and the skin becomes covered with "goosebumps". These are signs of a violation of thermoregulation, and the cause is diseases of the cardiovascular, endocrine or circulatory system.
In this case, it will not hurt to get an examination and certainly postpone your trips to the frosty regions of the planet.
This is cold
The coldest point on the planet where people live and work is the Russian Antarctic station Vostok. On July 21, 1983, a record low air temperature on our planet was recorded here. Then the thermometer dropped to -89.2 °С.
Residents of the Yakut village of Oymyakon are well aware of what cold is, because in the most severe winters the temperature here drops to -78 °C. It is slightly warmer in Verkhoyansk and Yakutsk, the minimum values in these cities are -68 °С and -65 °С.
Going to the center of Arctic tourism, the village of Barentsburg on Svalbard, it is worth considering that in March it can be up to -40 ° С.
And in the northernmost city of the USA - Utqiagvik (former Barrow), Christmas is celebrated at temperatures down to -48 °C. By the way, this is where the plot of the American horror film 30 Days of Night, the drama Everyone Loves Whales and the thriller On Ice takes place.
Cold in the eyes of filmmakers
Survival in extreme conditions is a favorite topic of the creators of modern films. Test forown experience, what is cold, had the heroes of many popular paintings:
- "Through the Snow" - sci-fi action movie 2013
- The Day After Tomorrow is Roland Emmerich's 2004 blockbuster masterpiece
- "6 Feet Deep" - 2017 Adventure Drama
- Frozen is a spectacular 2010 horror film
- "The Secret of the Dyatlov Pass" - a joint work of Russian and American filmmakers in 2013
- "Whiteout" - a thriller about the first maniac in the history of Antarctica, 2009
However, you should not consider the cold in the meaning of only destructive and destructive. With the development of modern technology, people have learned to use negative temperatures for their own benefit.
Creative power of cold
When thinking about the use of cold, the first thing that comes to mind is a household appliance. It appeared to replace traditional cellars and glaciers already in the 19th century. This is a refrigerator. And today, the cold is literally indispensable in many areas of human life:
- in the food industry, pharmaceuticals and agriculture;
- in the chemical industry and energy;
- in cosmetology: cooling treatments such as cryosauna, cryopilling, cryomassage, cold liposuction and of course regular ice cubes;
- cryotherapy in medicine;
- cryonics: deep cooling of the body of a person, animal, or individual parts and organs, with the expectation of being revived or cured in the distant future.
Even at home with a strong headacheor joint pain, nosebleeds or bruises, we often use a cold compress and just say "apply cold" or replace this word with synonyms.
Synonyms of the word and interesting facts
Synonyms for the word "cold" are known to everyone. These are frost, cold, winter, dubak, holodryga and more than 50 concepts that mean a decrease in temperature and the discomfort associated with it. Do you know what absolute zero is? You will learn about this from a selection of curious facts about the cold:
- Absolute zero temperature is the minimum possible negative limit that a material object in the entire Universe can have. This indicator is -273.15 °С and in practice it is impossible to achieve it.
- What is cold and pain associated with it? In humans, they begin at t=+17 ° С.
- According to sad statistics, in 2014, 10,283 people died of hypothermia in Russia. This is only 2.5 thousand less than AIDS deaths.
- If you dress warmly and breathe properly, you can even take a walk at a temperature of -70 ° C without fear for your he alth.
- Smoking in the cold significantly increases the risk of developing heart and lung diseases.
- The most cold-resistant organisms on the planet are multicellular animals rotifers that survive even in liquid helium at a temperature of -271 ° C.
There are situations when the meaning of the word "cold" takes on a meaning that has nothing to do with the temperature of the surrounding air. Consider further.
Freeze,who is born with a cold heart
This phrase belongs to the poet and literary critic Albert Egorovich Vaneev and refers to people incapable of normal human feelings: love, friendship or empathy. One can say about such people that they smell of grave cold.
The mind is also called so when it comes to a person who is more important than the goal set than feelings and emotions. Hence the cold calculation and promiscuity in the choice of means to achieve the goal.
In general, the word "cold" has mostly negative figurative meanings:
- This is the chill that runs down the back when a person is frightened of something.
- Coldness in the eyes of someone who is indifferent and indifferent to everything that happens.
However, people have learned to overcome this phenomenon of both soul and body. Vivid examples of this are wonderful fairy tales: "Frost" or "The Snow Queen", in which there is always some truth and a happy ending.
