Due to its location, as well as its cultural heritage, the Oryol province was considered not only the center, but also the heart of Russia. The creation of its main city, Orel, is associated with the reign of Ivan the Terrible, and the formation of the province around it took place during the time of Catherine the Great.
What was the province and its main city, you can find out from the article.
Location
Oryol province was part of the Russian Empire, and later Soviet Russia. It existed from 1796 to 1928. It was located in the European part of the country, the following provinces bordered it:
- Kaluga, Tula, Kursk (north).
- Kursk (south).
- Voronezh (east).
- Smolenskaya, Chernigovskaya (west).
The area was more than forty-six kilometers square, and the population reached two million people. Orel was the main city.
History of the earth
Oryol province was created in the eighteenth century, but even before that, Slavs lived on these lands. Vyatichi are considered the oldest inhabitants. ATIn the eleventh century, they created the first cities to protect themselves from the hostile tribes of the Cumans and Pechenegs.
Until the sixteenth century, the lands were subject to numerous attacks and devastation due to the Mongol-Tatar invasion, and later the rule of Lithuania and Poland. One of the most significant during this period was the Principality of Bryansk, located on the lands of the future province.
The history of the Oryol province is connected with the emergence of the city of Orel. The year of its origin is considered to be 1566. Since that time, the Orlovsky district has been formed. By the eighteenth century, the Oryol province was part of the Kyiv province, and later belonged to the Belgorod province, until eventually it became an administrative-territorial unit of the empire.
History of the province
In 1778, Empress Catherine II issued a Decree, as a result of which the Oryol province was established. Initially, it was divided into thirteen counties, although their number has changed throughout history. The city of Oryol has become a political, religious and cultural center.
After 1917, the province existed for another eleven years, until it was abolished. By 1937, the Oryol region was created, which included part of the former province. Oryol again became the main city in the formed region.
Eagle City
Oryol province, whose photos are presented in the form of historical maps, has always been connected with its central city. It was founded in 1566 (as mentioned in the Nikon Chronicle). At this time, by decree of Ivan the Fourth the Terrible, the Orel fortress was founded.in order to protect the southern borders of the kingdom.
Since 1577, a Cossack settlement has been located here. City Cossacks lived in it. The settlement had its own wooden church, which was called Intercession.
In 1605 the city was occupied by False Dmitry the First with an army. And two years later it became the residence of False Dmitry II. A few years later, the city was completely destroyed by the Poles, led by A. Lisovsky. It was restored only in 1636, since it was of particular importance in protecting Russian lands from Tatar raids.
Gradually the border of the kingdom moved south. Therefore, at the beginning of the eighteenth century, the fortress in Orel was abolished, having lost its defensive significance. The city began to specialize in the grain trade, and also became the center of the Oryol province, which was later transformed into a province, and in modern times is a region of the Russian Federation.
The city began to develop in the nineteenth century. During this period, the road surface was laid, the city's professional fire brigade was created, telegraph communication was established, banking developed, and water supply appeared. The laid railway and highway coverage connected Orel with the lands of Ukraine, the Volga region, the B altic states and, of course, Moscow. This allowed him to become a major transportation center.
Famous people of the province
Description of the Oryol province would not be complete without mentioning the outstanding personalities of the region. On the lands there were many estates of well-known noble families in Russia. Associated with Orlovshchinanames of such writers as Turgenev I. S., Fet A. A., Prishvin M. M., Pisarev D. I.
The appearance of a large number of writers, philosophers, historians in these lands is associated with its beautiful nature, original folk culture and wise peasant traditions.
