The first inhabitants of the Tomsk region appeared several thousand years ago. 2 Paleolithic sites in the city of Tomsk and the village of Mogichin have been known to scientists for a long time. The territory was finally settled in 3000 BC. e. late Neolithic.
Tomsk province: from ancient history to the 20th century
In ancient times, the following cultures formed on this territory:
- Shelomok (7th–3rd centuries BC);
- Kulai (5th century BC);
- peoples: Selkups, Khanty and Siberian Tatars.
In the 10th century, the area was occupied by nomadic tribes.
During the invasion of the Tatar-Mongol, the territory completely became part of the Mongol Empire. And in the 14th century, they formed an independent Siberian Khanate.
The first Narym fortress was built in the Tomsk region at the end of the 16th century.
At the behest of Boris Godunov, here in 1604 the Cossacks founded the city of Tomsk, which the Tomsk province is still proud of. It was here, according to legend, that Alexander I died, hiding under the name of Fyodor Kuzmich.
In 1629, Tomsk became the main city of the region, to whichfollowing cities:
- Narym;
- Ketsk;
- Yeniseisk;
- Krasnoyarsk;
- Kuznetsk.
After the construction of the Siberian Highway, the city became important for trade and gradually expanded due to this.
In 1804, the Tomsk province was headed by a new center - the city of Tomsk by decree of Alexander I.
Area included:
- Altai Territory;
- Novosibirsk region;
- Kemerovo region;
- East Kazakhstan region;
- Tomsk region;
- part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
The stone building of the city begins. By the end of the 19th century, there were 50 houses, 8 churches and the Trinity Cathedral.
The coat of arms of Tomsk becomes the emblem, where a horse with a crown in oak leaves is depicted on a green background.
At the end of the 19th century, Tomsk province was connected to other regions by the Siberian railway.
History of the Tomsk province during the Great Patriotic War
During the war, about 30 factories were evacuated to Tomsk, which greatly developed the city industrially.
Industries involved:
- electrotechnical;
- opto-mechanical;
- rubber;
- machine-building;
- metalworking;
- light;
- food.
It was the Tomsk province in 1941 that provided the field military medical base of the Western Front and trained command personnel on base 2artillery schools.
Tomsk region: our days
After the war, Tomsk becomes one of the centers of nuclear research.
In 1958, the first nuclear power plant began operating in the region.
Oil and gas fields are being developed in this area.
Tomsk is a recognized scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
