The city of Anadyr is one of the most distant cities in Russia, the capital of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. The city is very small, with an area of 20 km2 and a population of barely 15,000 people. It is located in the northeast of the country and is considered a border zone.
City formation and hydronym
The capital of Chukotka was formed by a special royal order, which called for the creation of a city on the very north-eastern outskirts of the empire. The official date of foundation of Anadyr is 1889. It was in this year that the foundation of the Novo-Mariinsk military post was laid, which later became a city. The capital of Chukotka, which is called Anadyr, received a name modified from "onandyr", which means "Chukotka river" in the local dialect. However, the locals call their city Kagyrgyn, which means "mouth".
It received its modern name only in 1924. In 1927, the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug was formed, the administrative center of which was the city of Anadyr. In the 50s of the last century, a seaport was built on its outskirts. This made it possible for the city to develop economically and attract more people there.for living.
Relief
Anadyr has access to the Bering Sea on the right bank of the Kazachka River. This is the permafrost zone - the endless tundra of such a huge country as Russia. Chukotka has several rather huge mountain systems. The highest peak of the capital is Verblyuzhka.
Climate
The climate of the city is subarctic maritime type, monsoon winds have a great influence, which ensures the shift of the dominant masses - oceanic or continental. Unfavorable climatic conditions are observed here all year round: low temperatures and piercing winds. The coldest month is January. The average temperature of this season is -24…-22 °C. It is worth noting that frosts are felt much sharper, as they are constantly accompanied by winds. In summer, the temperature rarely rises above +13 °С.
Precipitation brings air masses from the Pacific Ocean. The average annual precipitation is 200-300 mm, most of which falls in the summer. It is this feature that ensures constant nebula and cloudiness in the territory.
Administrative divisions
Because of its small area, the capital of Chukotka has no administrative division into districts. There are only a few streets on which the same five-story houses are located. To somehow dilute the gloomy colors of the city, each house is painted in a bright color. This feature makes this area very bright and extraordinary. Due to the peculiarities of the climate and relief, the houses - concrete, panel - are installed on piles. Included in the citya small suburban village - Tavayvaam, together with which the capital area is 53 km22.
Economy
Due to the presence of a large number of fish in sea waters, a large fish factory operates on the territory of the city. It is one of the largest structures in the region called Chukotka. Anadyr is good because the climatic conditions of the settlement allow the use of wind energy for the energy sector. One of the largest wind farms in Russia has been built in the city. Coal and gold are mined from minerals in the vicinity of the city.
Population
Local residents of the city are called Anadyr. According to statistics in 2015, there were 14,326 people in the city. In 2010-2012 there was no population growth, mainly due to the emigration of local residents. The villages of Chukotka are also emptying, people tend to move to large cities.
Ethnic composition in the capital is dominated by Russians and indigenous peoples: Chukchi and Eskimos. The majority of the population is Christian. The Holy Trinity Cathedral was built in the city - a large wooden church built on permafrost.
The population in this country is very hospitable and sympathetic, therefore it meets tourists quite well and gladly helps them. Every second person with great pleasure will play the role of a guide and show the most unusual and amazing places of Anadyr.
Transport sector
Despite the fact that the capital of Chukotka is the most distantcity in the country, transport is very developed here. Primarily marine. Not far from the city, in the village of Ugolny, there is Anadyr International Airport. The peculiarity of the city roads is that they are concrete. This was done due to climatic conditions. In addition, there is public transport.
