In the literature, as well as in colloquial speech, the word "tract" is found. What is it, what definition can be given to this concept? On the territory of Russia there are many places in the name of which there is a presented word - nature reserves, recreation areas, natural objects. There are many different interpretations of this designation.
Concept
In the generally accepted sense, this word has a certain meaning, which says that it can be any part of the area that differs from the territory located around. In common parlance, this term is used to refer to abandoned old villages, which is incorrect from the point of view of landscape science. Sometimes it can be a name that has been “stuck around”, a kind of landmark among the population, which is used to preserve history and pass on knowledge of the area to the next generations.
In geography, this term refers to a conjugated system of landscape components - soil, water regime, flora, fauna, microclimate. If you look at the map and evaluate the numerous objects markedthe designation "ur.", you can see that these are separate, different from nearby areas, places - a small forest in a field, a meadow in the middle of a continuous forest, marshland, etc. Tracts are most clearly manifested in conditions of pronounced relief - with alternating hills and valleys, ridges and ravines. With all the diversity of structure, they all have the integrity of physical and biological factors that define them among other geographical systems.
Changes in tracts
Tracts are the lowest unit of physical and geographical zoning. According to the area they occupy, they can be dominant (the most common areas in the landscape) and subordinate (small). In most cases, these isolated areas of the terrain do not have definite boundaries; it happens that these inexact boundaries move. The physical and geographical concepts of natural tracts suggest that under the influence of time, the terrain can change - rivers change direction, ravines are washed away by melt water, slopes crumble. Also, landscape areas, originally occupied by tracts, can be occupied by modern buildings. Thus, tracts are a variable phenomenon, for map makers it is the most interesting subject to study.
The Fools
A sub-purity is a smaller structure of conjugated conditions, which is not a mandatory object of the landscape system. This term was proposed in 1952, introduced it into everyday life by a landscape scientist anddistributor of geographical knowledge, doctor of geographical sciences D. L. Armand. As an example, substows can be cited by systems located on a hillside, on the surface of an interfluve or floodplain, at the bottom of a ravine - natural complexes that are closely related from one group of facies, characterized by the greatest homogeneity of components.
Forestland
A typical tract on a flat plane is a forest, which is located among fields or swamps. It is important to understand the difference - a forest located separately, but on the same type of soil, with a single water regime, the same vegetation is a facies. A tract will be called a section of the territory where landforms, various types of vegetation, various soils are connected - for example, a mixed forest, which occupies an area with different moisture content, rocky areas among swampy spaces.
Abandoned villages
Among treasure hunters and lovers of ancient values, interest in the deserted villages does not weaken. A rather promising place in terms of discovering interesting finds is the tract. What it is? Once upon a time, a residential settlement (settlement, farm, etc.), abandoned and extinct. This definition includes non-restorable settlements that have lost the appearance of villages. It usually looks like a clearing overgrown with centuries-old trees or a forest isolated among the meadows. You can often meet in these areas people with metal detectors and camping equipment, fans of coin search.
Search engines claimthat the most likely sign of a good spot to find is greener vegetation than other sites (this is evidence of fertilized vegetable gardens near human habitation, and hence valuables). The abandoned villages of the Leningrad region are especially attractive for seekers of abandoned treasures - as a result of hostilities, the densely populated region hastily left the inhabitants, not always being able to pick up valuables. Searching for antiques in such places is a fruitful activity.
So, the tract - what is it? For sparsely populated areas, this is a noticeable and useful landmark. For a simpler understanding, this is the established local name for a particular area, often associated with its history. Abandoned villages of the Leningrad region (which have not yet become "tracts") are often found in descriptions of many interesting places, expedition reports, and specialists whose work is related to work on the ground. An important role for orientation in the area is played by tracts for local historians, archaeologists, geologists, and search engines.
Use of tracts
Differing in natural conditions, tracts can be used in different ways. For example, in agriculture, flat spaces can be used for arable land, and dividing ravines can be used as pastures, meadow or forest lands, and fodder bases. As a separate object, it is of value as a natural object and can be a protected area.
Consequently, a separately isolated part of the landscape is a tract. What it is, in the most understandable form explains geography. This is best seen in the area where the tract occupies an area on a convex or concave base of the relief (hill or depression), on homogeneous soil and is united by common vegetation, moisture, fauna and other morphological features.
