The development of television and the Internet allowed ordinary citizens to learn more about the history of foreign countries, their culture and national characteristics. Now the classic English detective can be watched by the family in a dozen filmed versions, but the key word for each of the productions is “constable”. The concept is mentioned so often that it has become associated with an ordinary policeman. However, this state of affairs does not reveal the full depth of the old term.
From France to Great Britain
The concept has migrated from English and is a direct transcription for constable. The closest relative is called the French connetable, and both definitions in the Middle Ages indicated a specific position - "great equerry" at court. It is not surprising, because they come from a common root: in Latin, the constable is comes stabuli, "head of the stable." There are also versions in some countries that have never been under the rule of the British crown: the Estonian konstaabel is an example of this.
From the stable to the palace
History has created many original interpretations. For several centuriesthe meaning of the word "constable" took on new meanings and lost the old ones. In England, the position corresponded to the status of a regularly elected headman who kept order. From the end of the 13th century, the following was added to the number of duties:
- collection of fines;
- road repair;
- help the poor;
- gathering the militia;
- supplying the militia with weapons.
Even later, the tax collection function appeared. In parallel, there was a court position of the same name, which combined powers in the judicial system and military administration. In the 16th century, she lost her status, and in the 18th century she disappeared altogether, appearing as a temporary appointment only at coronations.
In everyday communication
How now? Today, a constable is a position demanded by the state, not always highly paid, but honorary. There are three actual interpretations:
- In the United Kingdom, its former colonies and a number of other countries - a police rank;
- In the UK - the commandant or caretaker of the fortress, palace.
- Historical designation for a court rank in medieval England and Scotland.
Most often you will hear the first option. Solemn events on behalf of the royal family are too rare, and the managers of the fortresses are usually referred to by modern synonyms.
So don't be afraid to say "constable" when traveling abroad. This is a polite and appropriate address to a law enforcement officer, which allows you to attract attention and supportconversation. Of course, if the interlocutor does not turn out to be a high-ranking policeman, ready to be offended by the “demotion”. But such situations are exceptional, and one can always refer to poor knowledge of the language in order to correct the mistake.
