In 1828, on August 26, the future great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was born in the Yasnaya Polyana estate. The family was well-born - his ancestor was a noble nobleman, who received the title of count for his service to Tsar Peter. Mother was from the ancient noble family of the Volkonskys. Belonging to a privileged stratum of society influenced the behavior and thoughts of the writer throughout his life. A brief biography of Leo Tolstoy does not fully reveal the entire history of the ancient family family.
Serene life in Yasnaya Polyana
The writer's childhood was quite prosperous, despite the fact that he lost his mother early. Thanks to family stories, he kept her bright image in his memory. A brief biography of Leo Tolstoy testifies that his father was the embodiment of beauty and strength for the writer. He instilled in the boy a love forcanine hunting, which was later described in detail in the novel War and Peace.
I had a close relationship with my older brother Nikolenka - he taught little Levushka different games and told him interesting stories. Tolstoy's first story - "Childhood" - contains many autobiographical memories of the childhood of the writer himself.
Youth
The serene joyful stay in Yasnaya Polyana was interrupted due to the death of his father. In 1837 the family moved to Kazan under the care of an aunt. In this city, according to a short biography of Leo Tolstoy, the youth of the writer passed. Here he entered the university in 1844 - first at the philosophical, and then at the faculty of law. True, studies did not attract him much, the student preferred various amusements and revelry.
During this period of time, a brief biography of Leo Tolstoy characterizes him as a person who disdainfully treated people of the lower, non-aristocratic class. He denied history as a science - in his eyes it had no practical use. The writer retained the sharpness of his judgments throughout his life.
As a landowner
In 1847, without graduating from university, Tolstoy decides to return to Yasnaya Polyana and try to arrange the life of his serfs. Reality sharply diverged from the ideas of the writer. The peasants did not understand the intentions of the master, and a brief biography of Leo Tolstoy describes the experience of his management as unsuccessful.(the writer shared it in his story "The Morning of the Landowner"), as a result of which he leaves his estate.
Becoming a Writer
The next few years spent in St. Petersburg and Moscow were not in vain for the future great prose writer. From 1847 to 1852, diaries were kept in which Leo Tolstoy carefully verified all his thoughts and reflections. A brief biography tells that while serving in the Caucasus, work is being carried out in parallel on the story "Childhood", which will be published a little later in the Sovremennik magazine. This marked the beginning of the further creative path of the great Russian writer.
Ahead of the writer is the creation of his great works "War and Peace" and "Anna Karenina", but for now he is honing his style, being published in Sovremennik and basking in favorable reviews from critics.
Later years of creativity
In 1855, Tolstoy briefly came to St. Petersburg, but literally a couple of months later he left it and settled in Yasnaya Polyana, opening a school for peasant children there. In 1862 he marries Sophia Bers and is very happy in the early years.
In 1863-1869, the novel "War and Peace" was written and revised, which bore little resemblance to the classical version. It lacks the traditional key elements of the time. Or rather, they are present, but they are not key.
1877 - Tolstoy finished the novel "Anna Karenina", in which the technique of internal monologue is repeatedly used.
Starting fromIn the second half of the 60s, Tolstoy was going through a creative crisis, which he managed to overcome only at the turn of the 1870s and 80s by completely rethinking his former life. Then discord arises in Tolstoy's family - his wife categorically did not accept his new views. The ideas of the late Tolstoy are similar to socialist teachings, with the only difference being that he was an opponent of the revolution.
In 1896-1904 Tolstoy finished the story "Hadji Murat", which was published after his death, which occurred in November 1910 at the Astapovo station on the Ryazan-Ural road.
