How was the development of the Earth by man? It was a very difficult and lengthy process. Even now it cannot be said that our planet has been 100% studied. Until now, there are corners of nature that no man has set foot on.
Studies the development of the land by man Grade 7 of secondary school. This knowledge is very important and helps to better understand the history of the development of civilization.
How was the development of the Earth by man?
The first stage of settlement, during which ancient upright people began to migrate from East Africa to Eurasia and explore new lands, began about 2 million years ago and ended 500,000 years ago. Later, ancient people die out, and with the appearance of Homo sapiens in Africa 200,000 years ago, the second stage started.
The main settlement of people was observed along the mouths of large rivers - the Tigris, Indus, Euphrates, Nile. It was in these places that the first civilizations arose, which were called river ones.
Our ancestors chose such areas in order to break up settlements, which will later become centersstates. Their life was subject to a clear natural regime. In the spring, the rivers flooded, and then, when they dried up, fertile moist soil remained in this place, ideal for sowing.
Settlement across the continents
The vast majority of historians and archaeologists consider Africa and Southwestern Eurasia to be the birthplace of the first people. Over time, mankind has mastered almost all continents, with the exception of Antarctica. Where the Bering Strait is now located, 30 thousand years ago there was land that connected Eurasia and North America. It was on this bridge that people penetrated into more and more new places. So, hunters from Eurasia, passing through North America, ended up in its southern part. A man came to Australia from Southeast Asia. Scientists were able to draw such conclusions on the basis of the results of excavations.
Main settlement areas
When considering how human development of the land took place, it will be interesting to know how people chose their places to live. Very often, entire settlements left their familiar corner and went into the unknown in search of better conditions. The developed new lands made it possible to develop animal husbandry and agriculture. The population of the planet also increased very rapidly. If 15,000 years ago, about 3,000,000 people lived on Earth, now this figure exceeds 6 billion. The vast majority of people live in flat areas. It is convenient to break fields on them, build factories and factories, equip settlements.
On the globe can be distinguishedfour areas where the settlement of people is the most dense. These are Western Europe, South and East Asia, the east of North America. There are reasons for this: favorable natural factors, the age of settlement and a developed economy. For example, in Asia, the population is still actively sowing and irrigating the soil. The favorable climate allows for several harvests a year to feed a large family.
Western Europe and North America are dominated by urban settlement. The infrastructure is very developed here, many modern plants and factories have been built, industry prevails over agriculture.
Types of business activities
Economic activities affect and change the environment. Moreover, different industries affect nature in different ways.
Thus, agriculture has become the root cause of the reduction of areas of the planet where natural conditions were preserved. More and more space was required for fields and pastures, forests were cut down, animals lost their homes. Due to the constant load, the soil partially loses its fertile qualities. Artificial irrigation allows you to get a good harvest, but this method has its drawbacks. So, in arid regions, too abundant watering of the land can lead to salinization and a decrease in yield. Domestic animals trample vegetation and compact the soil cover. Often, in a dry climate, pastures turn into a desert.
Especially harmful to the environment rapid growthindustry. Solid and liquid substances penetrate the soil and water, and gaseous substances are released into the air. The rapid growth of cities necessitates the development of ever new territories where vegetation is being destroyed. Pollution of the environment has an extremely adverse effect on human he alth.
Earth development by man: countries of the world
People who live in the same territory, have a common language and culture, form an ethnic group. It may consist of a nation, a tribe, a people. In the past, great ethnic groups created entire civilizations.
Currently, there are more than 200 states on the planet. All of them differ from each other. There are states that occupy the whole mainland (Australia), and there are very tiny ones, consisting of one city (Vatican). Countries also differ in terms of population. There are states with billionaires (India, China), and there are those in which no more than a few thousand live (San Marino).
So, considering the question of how the human exploration of the Earth took place, we can conclude that this process has not yet been completed and we still have a lot of interesting things to learn about our planet.
