Once a man lived in the wild, being its harmonious part. In those distant times, people did not have any advantage over other animals. Their brains were not yet sufficiently developed, and their knowledge of the world was vague and primitive. Over time, people began to create the simplest tools for labor and hunting, which allowed them to survive with great comfort in a world full of ferocious animals and other dangers. But no matter how hard a person tried, then his influence on the world was almost imperceptible.
Development
Over time, the tools of labor became more and more perfect, as did the knowledge about the world, which was supplemented and passed down from generation to generation. People began to change the world around them, adjusting it to their needs, making their lives easier and safer. The wild tribes living in nature were replaced by large, developed civilizations, each of which had its own knowledge and its own, unlike the others, culture. She played a decisive role in the further development of mankind. Therefore, it is culture that is called second nature. Not science or art, although they are part of this broad concept.
Nature and culture
Today there is an opinion that nature is incompatible with human activity, that its task is to curb and conquer the world around. This approach contrasts culture with nature, immersing people in a fictional world in which there is no relationship between their activities and their environment. But even today it becomes clear that such a barbaric approach to the planet can only lead humanity to inevitable death. Therefore, the first and second natures must be in harmony, balance and complement each other. People can live without culture, but if the world around is destroyed by stupid man-made activities, then humanity will perish with it.
Industrialization allowed to change the world around so much that the activities of large industrial corporations began to influence the entire ecosystem of our planet. The people at the head of such companies are interested in making a profit at any cost. If to generate income it is necessary to start a war in which millions of people will die, they will start it without a moment's hesitation. If additional income can be obtained by destroying a huge centuries-old forest along with its inhabitants, then this will be done. But it is these monsters that rule the world of people, determine in which direction our civilization should develop.
Culture is second nature
This idea was fundamental among ancient thinkers. However, despite all their efforts, the relationship between culture and nature remains extremely tense even today. modern philosophers,like their ancient colleagues, they spend a lot of time studying the complex relationship between nature and man. The conclusions they came to are not much different from what the ancient Greek thinkers said. Harmony between culture and nature is possible, moreover, it is necessary for the prosperity of people. Unfortunately, these conclusions do not lead to actions aimed at changing the current state of affairs.
The second nature is called the biosphere, society, activity, culture and art. Perhaps it is their influence that makes it difficult to find a common language between humanity and planet Earth. Thousands of years ago, people learned life from the world around them, nature instructed and directed them. Now this function is performed by culture, which is designed to develop in a person the qualities that contribute to survival in conditions of fierce competition. Therefore, today's people are so different from their ancestors, because they live in a completely different world. The concept of "second nature" very accurately describes the world of people, which completely replaced their natural habitat.
Cons of culture
The world created by people perfectly meets their needs. True, the very needs of the inhabitants of this world evolve with it.
The second nature is called culture because it forms a person who obeys its laws, adapted to survive in a biosphere that is different from the natural environment. Accordingly, his needs become more and more unnatural.
No living creature, except man, sees the need for smoking, does not poison his body with poisons for fun, does not kill his relatives to buy a new car. Desires and pleasures have become the levers of society.
Borders of the second nature
It would seem that the world of people ends where wild nature, not yet curbed by man, begins. But most places on Earth, one way or another, have changed under the harsh influence of civilization. The second nature of man is called the fruits of his intellectual activity, so as not to forget that they all only imitate natural laws. People did not invent fire or electricity, they just learned how to use these phenomena for their own needs.
Even those parts of the world that the bony hand of civilization cannot reach still benefit man. For example, stars that have been helping travelers and sailors for many centuries. Recently, observing the universe through telescopes and other ingenious devices allows scientists to learn more about the world, to make important fundamental discoveries. From this it follows that the boundaries of the second nature are blurred, it is impossible to say exactly where culture ends and nature begins.
Culture and people
Just as the activities of people could not force nature out of our planet, so inside them the animal nature does not want to leave without a fight. Sometimes people behave like animals, which shocks a lot of ardent adherents of civilization. The second nature is called the biosphere,society, activities, culture and other factors that affect a person after birth. But we all come into this world with a certain set of qualities and instincts necessary for survival in the natural environment. In extreme conditions, instincts take over, revealing human traits that do not fit into the idea of a cultivated, civilized individual.
There is no culture without nature
Second nature is what is layered on top of natural desires and aspirations, in some places supplementing, or even completely replacing them. But there always remain the basic instincts and values that our species needs to survive. When the first and second natures of a person come into conflict, in the overwhelming majority of cases it is the natural impulses that win. In situations that threaten the life of a person or his loved ones, all cultural layers fall off like a husk, making room for ruthless and uncivilized, but effective actions.
Thus, it can be assumed that people have basic instincts and needs that remain unchanged for representatives of any culture. No matter how society tries to “domesticate” our nature, it will always come to the rescue when it is needed. Culture is the second nature, it will never become the first, main, without which human life would be impossible.
Harmony
As time has shown, attempts to ignore the laws of nature do not lead to a positive result. For some reason, studying life on earth, scientistsuse universal natural rules to better understand how other creatures work. But as soon as it comes to a person, most of the "great minds" for some reason forget about the laws of nature, believing that they do not apply to us.
Harmony and prosperity can only be achieved by accepting your nature, realizing yourself as part of a vast and living world. The second nature is called the biosphere created by the hands of people, as if separating it from the first. But they are inextricably linked, there will be no culture if our planet dies, because there will be no people left. And we can’t understand and accept this fact in any way…
Of course, without culture, humanity would return to the primitive age, eventually losing its uniqueness, becoming like wild animals. Perhaps someone would be satisfied with such an extreme, but development cannot be stopped, it can only be directed. The second nature is called culture, which forever changed the face of man. Without it, people will be incomplete. Only a harmonious combination of the first and second nature can bring peace and prosperity to our troubled society.
