Chriya is a concept that has been known since the ancient Greek period, it literally means "the need for something", "speech according to the rules". The definition was also actively used in ancient Rome. Hriya in rhetoric denotes a specific form of reflection. They usually refer to a specific concept or saying.
Hriya is part of the rhetoric?
In the Roman and Greek periods, orators practiced the quality of their speech through the use of chrya. In that period, the concept was an indisputable part of the rhetorical art. In the period up to the 19th century, various disciplines of a humanitarian nature were actively introduced in Russia for the education of schoolchildren in gymnasiums, as well as at universities, which were obligatory for all. Everyone had to know Latin and ancient Greek, which is why rhetoric, which was born thanks to these languages, was also studied in parallel. Many students used hriya patterns to excel in rhetorical skills, to be able to build their speech clearly and correctly.
Fatehrii
Hriya is the best solution for a person who wants to excel in learning a language, as she is an excellent coach. It is sad that in the subsequent period of the development of education this was not fully understood. For this reason, both in universities and in gymnasiums, the hours of teaching ancient languages, respectively, rhetoric, were cut. For this reason, hriya has ceased to be so actively used. The education reform in Russia affected this directly.
Later, in the twenties of the 20th century, rhetoric disappeared altogether from the main disciplines in educational institutions, but everything changed after seventy years. An active return to the lost and forgotten disciplines begins, so hriya again returns to its former positions. It is actively used, serves as an excellent option for the development of speech rhetoric.
Structure
The structure of hriya looks simple from the outside, it includes evidence or refutation of the initially put forward thesis, concept. All subsequent conclusions must be in a clear form, and must also be stated in sequence. The result of all logical conclusions is the conclusion, the solution of the problem. That is, speaking of hriya in general, one can understand that it consists of a problem, a description, a solution. The concept can be present in any reasoning texts or essays in which a specific problem is raised. What is important is that in the end it is necessary either to agree with the thesis or not. But not everything is as simple as it seems at first glance, because this conceptquite extensive. It includes two types of hriya, each of which also has its own appearance and structure. It is customary to single out classical and free.
Structural divisions of classical chrya
Classic can also be called strict or straight. The main requirement in its preparation is to derive a clear and concise thesis, which will subsequently be revealed and proven or refuted. The classical structure includes eight divisions.
- Attack - it focuses the attention of the listener or reader, serves as the beginning for the story. In this section, you can "outwardly" describe the problem itself, or tell and pay tribute to the author of the statement.
- Paraphrase - full and detailed description of the topic. The section includes the next five paragraphs, where the first one reveals the essence, and the subsequent ones explain and motivate one or another point of view. The main thing in this part is to disclose the problem in detail and correctly.
- Reason - indicate that the thesis is true or false.
- Opposite - in this part of the story it is customary to reveal an opposing point of view, and it can be accepted or refuted. It is important to justify this or that choice.
- Similarity - the problem is compared with similar situations, which also play the role of peculiar evidence.
- Example - similar events are drawn where this problem occurs.
- Evidence - as an example indicate quotes from critics or authors, alsoit is allowed to quote the text with a similar thesis.
- Conclusion - in this section it is customary to display the final point of view, which indicates the solution or impossibility of solving the problem, and often there is also the own opinion of the narrator or writer.
An example of writing hriya in a strict structure is various hypotheses in algebra or geometry. When writing such a text on your own, it is quite possible to swap structural units, but a complete change in the strict version is unacceptable.
Hriyyah pattern
For example, given a quote:
Don't let your tongue get ahead of your thought.
The attack will be like this: this idea belongs to the famous Greek poet Chilo. He had an understanding of people and knew that they often speak before they think.
Paraphrase: the poet raised the important topic of human interaction with each other. To avoid problems in communication, he suggested using a simple tactic - think before you say anything.
Reason: The statement is true, since people will not be able to communicate for a long time if they do not think through their words and actions towards others.
Nasty: maybe right and say whatever you think so as not to appear secretive. But how can this not subsequently harm the moral state of a person? Many thoughts are best kept to yourself.
Example: a similar situation occurred in Pechorin's life in the work "A Hero of Our Time", where he did not hide his opinion about people or his cardinal views on life, butas a result, Pechorin, this led to a complete breakdown, the absence of loved ones and friends.
Certificate:
Even family ties would fall apart if our thoughts were written on our foreheads (Maria Ebner Eschenbach).
Conclusion: this point of view is close to me, so I share it. Indeed, a person can lose a lot because of one wrong word. Language is given to us to compose beautiful and vivid speeches that will delight them, and not bring disappointment.
Free hriya
It is much easier to compose hriya in a free version, the main thing is to follow the sequence - first all kinds of evidence, and only after them the problem statement. For many, such a scheme seems more complicated, because the usual course of things is changing. It is important to understand simply that the thesis itself serves as the conclusion of the narrative. The structure includes five divisions:
- attack;
- proof;
- connection - it serves as a bridge between the evidence and the thesis, where you need to write or say about the correctness of the problem;
- thesis - should be formulated as a conclusion for everything said above.
Evidence
Hriya is not only a problem, it is also an argument (evidence). It can be any in nature, but its main difference is the structure, which can be direct or reverse. Evidence plays an important role in the compilation of hriya, it can be both weak and strong. This statement was emphasized by Homer in his works. Accepted,that the number of weighty and structured arguments contribute to the most convincing conclusion.
The main thing to know when working with hriya is that the classic version should be used when working with a more mature audience, while the free version is better suited for young people who are not yet fully able to think in detail and clearly.
Features
Features of this concept are that it is fully a tool of rhetorical art. But it is also universal, as it can exist in many other styles of literature. For example, one often sees hriya in scientific articles, in psychological texts, and also among philosophical prose. It may not be immediately visible, as it is sometimes used in an extremely expanded form, because a large amount of evidence or refutation is needed. It can also be shown quite briefly, but it is important that the main structural parts are necessarily present in the text.
Chriya for learning
Today, quite often there is a problem among schoolchildren, sometimes even among students - they cannot write an essay or composition correctly. To a greater extent, they turn to Internet sources, where they rewrite their work or copy it from others, making minor changes. Khriya plays an important role in the modern education system, as she can easily teach how to write beautiful essays. Many teachers explain the system of this concept to students, and they simply logically build their thoughts andget a finished ordered essay without much tension. You can also introduce a student to hriyas from elementary school with the help of proverbs. Children take them apart, analyze them, look for a problem and its solution.
Rules for working with students using hriya
Hriya is very effective in education. It helps a lot when working with an essay not to look for a complex plan, but to use the existing structure. Also, with the help of this concept and its application, the child actively works logic, he learns to express his point of view, building it consistently. Schoolchildren expand the circle of their knowledge, as a large number of works are used as a thesis. Of course, the student first learns oratory, which later helps him in life.
Today, students and schoolchildren often use modern articles and books as a basis.
Basic rules for a pupil or student to have the ability to build evidence consistently:
- It is necessary to select different types of evidence.
- They must be included in the text in stages, fit into it organically, so it is important to follow your thoughts.
- Strong evidence is best presented in fractions, and weak evidence is best combined into groups, the result will be average, understandable arguments.
- It's best to say the most weighty arguments first, and leave the small ones last.
- When compiling, it is necessary to take into account the topical topics of the audience,because it will help you pay more attention to your words.
