The combustion temperature of coal is considered the main criterion that allows you to avoid mistakes when choosing fuel. It is on this value that the performance of the boiler, its high-quality work directly depends.
Temperature detection option
In winter, the issue of heating residential premises is especially relevant. Due to the systematic increase in the cost of heat carriers, people have to look for alternative options for generating heat energy.
The best way to solve this problem will be the selection of solid fuel boilers that have optimal production characteristics and retain heat well.
The specific calorific value of coal is a physical quantity showing how much heat can be released during the complete combustion of a kilogram of fuel. In order for the boiler to work for a long time, it is important to choose the right fuel for it. The specific heat of combustion of hard coal is high (22 MJ/kg), so this type of fuel is considered optimal for the efficient operation of the boiler.
Characteristics and properties of wood
BCurrently, there is a trend of transition from installations based on the process of gas combustion to solid fuel domestic heating systems.
Not everyone knows that the creation of a comfortable microclimate in the house directly depends on the quality of the selected fuel. As a traditional material used in such heating boilers, we highlight wood.
In harsh climatic conditions, characterized by long and cold winters, it is quite difficult to heat a dwelling with wood for the entire heating season. With a sharp drop in air temperature, the owner of the boiler is forced to use it to the limit.
There are serious problems and inconveniences when choosing wood as a solid fuel. First of all, we note that the combustion temperature of coal is much higher than that of wood. Among the shortcomings is the high rate of combustion of firewood, which creates serious difficulties in the operation of the heating boiler. Its owner is forced to constantly monitor the availability of firewood in the furnace, a sufficiently large amount of them will be required for the heating season.
Coal options
The burning temperature of charcoal is much higher, so this fuel option is an excellent alternative to conventional firewood. We also note an excellent indicator of heat transfer, the duration of the combustion process, and low fuel consumption. There are several varieties of coal associated with the specifics of mining, as well as the depth of occurrence in the bowels of the earth: stone, brown, anthracite.
Each of these options has its own distinctive qualities and characteristics that allow it to be used in solid fuel boilers. The combustion temperature of coal in the furnace will be minimal when using brown coal, since it contains a fairly large amount of various impurities. As for the heat transfer indicators, their value is similar to that of wood. The chemical reaction of combustion is exothermic, the calorific value of coal is high.
In coal, the ignition temperature reaches 400 degrees. Moreover, the calorific value of this type of coal is quite high, so this type of fuel is widely used for heating residential premises.
Maximum efficiency in anthracite. Among the disadvantages of such fuel, we highlight its high cost. The combustion temperature of this type of coal reaches 2250 degrees. No other solid fuel extracted from the bowels of the earth has a similar indicator.
Features of coal-fired stove
Such a device has design features, involves the reaction of coal pyrolysis. Charcoal is not a mineral, it has become a product of human activity.
The burning temperature of coal is 900 degrees, which is accompanied by the release of a sufficient amount of thermal energy. What is the technology for creating such an amazing product? The bottom line is a certain processing of wood, due to which there is a significant change in its structure, the allocationexcess moisture from it. A similar process is carried out in special furnaces. The principle of operation of such devices is based on the pyrolysis process. The charcoal stove consists of four basic components:
- combustion chambers;
- fortified base;
- chimney;
- recycle compartment.
Chemical process
After entering the chamber, the firewood gradually smolders. This process occurs due to the presence in the furnace of a sufficient amount of gaseous oxygen that supports combustion. As smoldering, a sufficient amount of heat is released, the excess liquid turns into steam.
The smoke emitted during the reaction goes to the recycling compartment, where it burns completely, heat is released. The charcoal kiln performs several important functional tasks. With its help, charcoal is formed, and a comfortable temperature is maintained in the room.
But the process of obtaining such fuel is quite delicate, and with the slightest delay, complete combustion of firewood is possible. It is necessary to remove charred blanks from the furnace at a certain time.
Use of charcoal
If the technological chain is observed, an excellent material is obtained, which can be used for full-fledged heating of residential premises during the winter heating season. Certainly the temperaturecombustion of hard coal will be higher, but such fuel is not affordable in all regions.
Combustion of charcoal starts at a temperature of 1250 degrees. For example, a smelting furnace runs on charcoal. The flame that is formed when air is supplied to the furnace melts the metal with ease.
Creating optimal conditions for combustion
Due to the high temperature, all internal elements of the furnace are made of special refractory bricks. Refractory clay is used for their laying. When creating special conditions, it is quite possible to obtain a temperature in the furnace exceeding 2000 degrees. Each type of coal has its own flash point. After reaching this value, it is important to maintain the ignition temperature by continuously supplying excess oxygen to the furnace.
Among the disadvantages of this process, we highlight the loss of heat, because part of the energy released will go through the pipe. This leads to a decrease in the furnace temperature. In the course of experimental studies, scientists managed to establish the optimal excess amount of oxygen for various types of fuel. Thanks to the choice of excess air, complete combustion of the fuel can be expected. As a result, you can count on the minimum loss of thermal energy.
Conclusion
The comparative value of a fuel is measured by its calorific value, measured in calories. Taking into account the characteristics of its different types, we can conclude that it is coal that is the optimal type of solidfuel for boilers. Many owners of their own heating systems try to use mixed fuel boilers: solid, liquid, gaseous.
