The Russian language is very beautiful and rich. Often, when expressing our emotions, we use different words that show our clear attitude towards a particular problem. These words are introductory. However, it is not enough just to use them, it is important to know how to correctly isolate the introductory words. We will consider this topic in this article.
What is this?
Introductory words are words and phrases that are part of a sentence, but do not enter into a syntactic relationship with its members. Introductory words express a person's attitude to a particular phenomenon, object, I express my opponent. Thanks to them, you can understand how the speaker evaluates the information received. Sometimes the presenter may share information about the source of the message. Separation of introductory words in Russian is very important.
Discharges
It is important to separate introductory words and introductory constructions correctly, otherwise the meaning of the sentencemay change, be distorted. They have their own meanings, which are also important to know. Classification of introductory words:
- Confidence and credibility. Examples of such introductory words are: of course, of course, of course, indeed, really.
- The opposite of the first, that is - uncertainty and uncertainty. Examples of such introductory words are: probably, perhaps, maybe, suppose, probably, hope, think.
- Feeling of joy. Examples of such introductory words are: fortunately, to joy, to indescribable admiration.
- Feeling sorry. Examples of such introductory words are: unfortunately, unfortunately, a sinful thing, unfortunately.
- Feeling of bewilderment and surprise. Examples of these are: surprising, strange, surprising, strange.
- Feeling, reflecting the expressiveness of the speaker. Examples of such introductory words are: to the soul, in conscience, it’s funny to say, except for jokes, to the point.
- Source of information, messages. Examples of such introductory words are: according to the message, according to rumor, in my opinion, according to someone, from the point of view, in my opinion.
- The order of thoughts, the connection of thoughts. Examples of such introductory words are: firstly, secondly (enumeration), thus, therefore, in addition, however, therefore, so, finally.
- Assessing the way thoughts are framed. Examples of such introductory words are: roughly speaking, it's better to say so.
- The degree of commonness of the stated facts, information. Examples of such introductory words are: at least / at least, according to custom, it happens, as always, as usual, inlargely.
- Attracting the interlocutor's attention to the material being presented. Examples of such introductory words are: you see, you see, you can imagine, you won’t believe, I remind you, imagine, believe.
Origin
It is impossible to consider the material studied if only the introductory words in the sentence and their isolation are known. It is important to know the origin of this or that introductory word.
They go back to different parts of speech. These are:
- Adjectives both in various cases, in short form, and in superlatives (right, at most, at least, main, most important).
- Nouns. They can stand in different cases, used with or without a preposition (for joy, for joy, for happiness, fortunately).
- Pronouns that are used in the indirect case with a preposition (meanwhile, besides, besides).
- Adverbs that can be used in both positive and comparative degrees (of course, rather, more precisely, in short, undoubtedly, probably).
- Verbs that can be used both in the indicative and imperative mood (believe it, say, think, have mercy, it seemed, imagine).
- Infinitive (see, confess, know).
- Combined with gerunds (in short, to put it mildly, to tell the truth).
Context
Depending on the context and location in it, the isolation of introductory words by commas occurs in different ways. In different texts, the meaning of the word can change - this isknown to everyone and everyone. Introductory words change like this:
- "It's true." What's this? It's true. We can ask a question, so this is not an introductory word. The question "what" is answered by a noun.
- "True, sometimes we fought a lot." We cannot ask any question to this statement, therefore, this is an introductory word.
Morphological aspects
Many people still wonder what it is - an introductory word. Our article will help you understand what introductory words are in a sentence and how they are separated.
Usually, scientists divide introductory words into two parts. The first part of such words refers to adverbs (of course, apparently, probably). The second belongs to unions (firstly, secondly, so). The latter is usually accompanied by a note "in the meaning of the introductory word." However, assignment to one or another part does not affect the direct isolation of introductory words.
Some do not include these words in the classification, while others believe that introductory words are a special, special category.
Traditionally, scientists believe that morphologically, introductory words can be classified into:
- nominal (fortunately, for joy);
- verbal (remember, see, say);
- adverbial (or rather, more precisely, shorter).
Combinations can be combined into morphological classes (without any doubt, more precisely).
Rules for isolating introductory words (punctuation)
- Being at the beginning or at the end of a separate turnover, it is not distinguished by punctuation marks.
- Introductory words are separated using commas on both sides.
- What is in the middle of a turnover is distinguished by punctuation marks on a common basis.
- If it comes before a comparative conjunction ("as") or a target conjunction ("to"), then the turnover is allocated on a general basis.
- If there are two introductory words in a sentence (side by side), then they must be separated with a comma. In some books, there are even three introductory words in a row.
- In order to check the correctness of the definition of the introductory word, it can be omitted, deleted from the sentence. If the excluded ones, separated by commas, did not distort the content and essence of the sentence, then you defined them correctly.
Notes
The rules for separating introductory words are quite complicated. In addition to the basic rules, there are additional ones. They can also be called notes, which come into play under certain circumstances.
- If there is a union before the introductory word, then the punctuation mark between the first and the union is not always put. In order to determine whether isolation of the introductory word or the entire construction is necessary, try to remove it first without a union. If this can be done, then a comma must be placed between them. If it can be removed only with a union, then there is no need to put a punctuation mark between them.
- If it forms a separate structure (this maybe a clarifying turn), then it is not necessary to separate the introductory words.
We hope that this article answered all the questions of our readers.
