The last Russian Tsar from the Romanov dynasty was born in this world on May 6, 1868. It happened in the imperial residence, in Tsarskoye Selo. Nicholas from early childhood prepared for the imperial fate. At the age of eight, the young prince began to actively master the curriculum of a classical gymnasium, additionally taking courses in botany, anatomy, physiology, mineralogy, zoology and languages. In addition, an important place in the education of the prince was occupied by military affairs, strategy,
economics, political science, law and so on. From childhood, the last Russian Tsar from the Romanovs showed an attraction to military service. Which, in general, was quite typical for the nobles of that time. While not yet a monarch, he served regularly in the Preobrazhensky Military Regiment.
Reign of the last emperor
Nicholas II ascended the throne at the age of 26 at the end of 1894. Already the events that took place during the coronation cast a shadow on the name of the last Russian tsar. We are talking about the tragedy on the Khodynka field, when the poor organization of the celebration led to a massive stampede in which more than a thousand people died, and dozens morethousands were left with injuries. For this event, the last Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty was nicknamed "bloody". Unfortunately, the troubles of the Russian Empire did not end there. Most historians agree that the monarch was not a strong personality, often letting go of state affairs and not daring to take decisive action when the country simply needed urgent
transformation. By the beginning of the 20th century, Russia was moving more and more towards becoming a raw material colony of Western states, far advanced in their technical, social and economic development. This has already happened to the once powerful Iran and Turkey, which also failed to rebuild their societies on the path of capitalist development. The last Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty and subsequently repeatedly made miscalculations that worsened the position of the state: this was the stupidly lost Russo-Japanese war with the initial much higher potential of the Russians, and the ridiculous half-attempt to crush the revolution of 1905-07 (Bloody Sunday), and the assumption of the subsequent mess in the state, Black Hundred pogroms.
Good points of government
At the same time, it should be noted that, despite the generally disappointing picture, the positive aspects of this period can be found. The reforms of Minister Pyotr Stolypin may well be referred to them. This is especially true of the agrarian sector, where the head of government tried to create a strong layer of independentpeasants (similar to American farmers), singling them out of centuries-old communities, and at the same time developing land in Siberia at their own expense, giving out free land plots. The reform really began to give positive results, but was never brought to its logical conclusion, being interrupted first by the death of the main reformer of the state, and later by the pan-European war.
The collapse of the empire
The last straw of public discontent was the failure in the First World War, which the last Russian Tsar from the Romanov dynasty won only formally and only thanks to the defeats of the Germans on the Western Front, where Wilhelm II was forced to sign a surrender. The war extremely depleted the resources of the country and the people, spilling over first into the February revolution of popular discontent, and later into the October revolution. After the first uprising, the royal family was arrested. The stormy months on the eve of the October Revolution, the deposed monarch spent as a high-ranking prisoner, first in Tsarskoye Selo, then in Tyumen, Tobolsk and Yekaterinburg. In the midst of the civil war, the Bolsheviks decided to destroy all representatives of the dynasty, thus depriving their opponents of trump cards in the form of legitimate contenders for the throne. The tsar and his entire family were shot on the night of July 16-17, 1918.
