TCM is a set of educational, methodological, regulatory documentation, control and training tools that are needed to ensure the quality implementation of basic and additional programs.
After the development of the educational and methodological complex, it is tested in educational activities. If necessary, adjustments are made to the TMC of the Federal State Educational Standard.
Components
Among the components of the educational and methodological complex are:
- logical presentation of the educational program material;
- application of modern methods and technical devices that allow students to fully assimilate educational material, develop practical skills;
- compliance with scientific information in a specific field;
- provide links between different subject disciplines;
- easy to use by students and educators.
TCM is a ready-made set of manuals and notebooks that a modern teacher uses in his professional activities.
Currently, there are two education systems in our country: developmental and traditional.
Classic variations
Traditional school curriculum:
- "Planet of knowledge".
- "School of Russia".
- "Perspective".
- "School 2000".
- 21st Century Primary School.
Development options
For example, D. B. Elkonin and L. V. Zankov is a typical example of developmental learning. These materials became in demand in elementary school after the federal educational standards of the new generation were introduced into domestic education.
School of Russia
Let's analyze some variants of UMC. The elementary school in the traditional program uses the complex edited by A. Pleshakov (Prosveshchenie publishing house).
The author emphasizes that his system was developed for Russia. The main purpose of this teaching materials is to develop students' cognitive interest in the historical and cultural roots of their people. The program involves a thorough development of the skills of the main educational activities: writing, counting, reading. Only with their constant honing and improvement can one count on the success of the child at the secondary level of education.
The course of V. G. Goretsky, L. A. Vinogradova is aimed at developing communication skills and literacy. This EMC is a set that meets all modern requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard in elementary school.
In progressteaching kids to read and write, the teacher conducts purposeful work to improve phonetic hearing, teaching writing and reading, increasing and concretizing students' ideas about the surrounding reality. For example, the teaching manual for the Russian language consists of the "Russian alphabet" and two types of writing:
- N. A. Fedosova and V. G. Goretsky;
- "Miracle copy" by V. A. Ilyukhina.
As distinctive characteristics of these manuals, we note not only the possibility of developing calligraphic and literate writing skills, but also their correction at various stages of education and in different age categories.
Math Complex
In order to develop the cognitive abilities of children of primary school age, changes were made to the teaching materials in mathematics. The topics of the tasks have been significantly modernized, geometric material has been introduced. In addition, tasks have appeared that allow children to develop logical thinking and creative imagination.
Essential importance is given to the analysis, comparison, comparison and opposition of concepts, the search for differences and similarities in the analyzed facts. The kit includes a new generation of study guides and books that fully meet the requirements of the second generation standards.
Issues of the EMC "School of Russia" are handled by the publishing house "Enlightenment". This set includes books by Goretsky, Pleshakov, Moreau and other authors:
- alphabet;
- Russian;
- literary reading;
- English;
- German;
- math;
- world around;
- computer science;
- basics of the spiritual and moral cultures of the peoples of Russia;
- music;
- fine art;
- physical education;
- technology.
UMK "Perspective" edited by L. F. Klimanova
This educational and methodological complex has been produced since 2006. It includes textbooks in the following disciplines:
- Russian;
- literacy education;
- math;
- technology;
- world around;
- literary reading.
This teaching material was created on a conceptual basis that reflects all modern achievements in the field of pedagogy and psychology. At the same time, the connection with the classical Russian school education is preserved. The EMC guarantees the availability of knowledge and the full assimilation of the program material, contributes to the comprehensive development of primary school students, fully takes into account the age characteristics of children, their needs and interests.
Special attention in the educational and methodological complex "Perspective" is given to the formation of moral and spiritual values, familiarization of the younger generation with the cultural and historical heritage of Russia and other countries of the world. In the textbooks, the children are offered tasks for group, pair and independent work, for project activities.
There are also materials that can be used for extracurricular and extracurricular activities.
The EMC has developed a convenient navigation system for parents, students and teachers,helping to work with the information provided, organize a sequence of actions, plan independent homework, form skills for self-development and self-improvement.
Literacy education has a spiritual, moral and communicative-cognitive orientation. The main goal of the course is to develop the skills of writing, reading, speaking. Particular attention is paid to the development of communication skills.
Conclusion
To improve the effectiveness of the new educational system, its developers selected material in accordance with the peculiarities of the cognitive interests of primary school students. That is why there are so many entertaining and game exercises in the books, different communicative and speech situations are presented.
Innovative educational and methodological complexes developed for elementary school fully contribute to the fulfillment of the tasks set for them by society.
Russian teachers, armed with modern technical means, visual aids, sets of textbooks, collections of assignments and exercises, carry out systematic work to form a harmoniously developed personality that will not have problems with socialization.
Special educational and methodological complexes within the federal standards of the new generation have been developed for each academic discipline studied at the middle and senior levels of education. Their developers took into account not only the age characteristics of schoolchildren, but also new achievements in science.
