State territory is the share of the total earth's surface that is under the sovereignty of a certain country. It contains land, the bowels of the earth, internal and territorial waters (12 kilometers from the coast), as well as airspace (at the height of aviation flight). Another sign of the state territory is the generally accepted border with other countries. In this article, we will analyze in detail what the state territory of Russia is, and what features its population differs in.
A bit of history
The history of the territory of Russia is supplemented annually. In different eras, the Russian Federation changed its own borders many times. They were supplemented by the addition of new land plots. Three periods of development of the territory of the Russian Federation can be noted.
First period - XV–XVI centuries. At this stage, the base territory was formed. CreatedMoscow kingdom. At this time, the Yaroslavl principality, Tver, the Perm region and Nizhny Novgorod joined Moscow.
Second period - XVI-XVII centuries. At this stage, the state territory of Russia was supplemented by Kazan, Samara, Volgograd, Ufa, Kyiv, Left-bank Ukraine and Penza.
Third period - XVIII-XIX centuries. At this stage, the Russian Federation has become an empire. Orenburg and Troitsk built.
State Square
The total area of Russia is about 12% of the globe. The Russian Federation, just like the former Soviet Union, is the state that has the largest territory in the world. Its most extreme points are the B altic Spit, Ratmanov Island, Cape Dezhnev, Wings and Chelyuskin.
The total area of Russia is 17.125 million square kilometers. Today it is 76% of the former Soviet Union. Surprisingly, there are more than ten time zones on the territory of the Russian Federation. This is due to the fact that, for example, from the extreme western point to the eastern one, the distance along the meridian is more than 4 thousand kilometers.
Parts of Russia are located on two continents. One third of the Russian Federation is in Europe, and the rest is in Asia. This causes a diverse climate in the territory of one country.
Administrative division of the territory of the Russian Federation
The main territories of Russia are characterized by the presence of 21 republics, 3 cities of federal significance and 46areas. In addition, there are also 9 territories and 1 autonomous republic on the territory of the Russian Federation. By the way, in 2014 the Crimean Peninsula also joined the state. In this regard, two new subjects appeared in Russia - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol.
Borders of the Russian Federation on the map
The borders of Russia on the world map are lines and vertical surfaces passing along it. They define the boundaries of the state territory of the Russian Federation. According to the world map, Russia borders on 16 countries. Surprisingly, the length of the state border is more than 50 thousand kilometers.
Two years ago, the borders of Russia on the map expanded. Already in September 2014, an updated version of the map was released with the Crimean Peninsula, which became part of the Russian Federation two years ago.
The national composition of the Russian Federation. Russian population
More than 100 different national minorities live on the territory of the Russian Federation. Each of them has its own culture and values. By the way, the Russian Federation is considered a multinational country. Absolutely all peoples on the territory of Russia have the same rights, and some of them also have statehood.
The most numerous nation on the territory of the Russian Federation is the Russians. They make up over 80% of the total population. The Russian population lives in absolutely all corners of the country. They are representatives of the Eastern Slavs. This group also includesBelarusians and Ukrainians. They inhabit the western and southern parts of the country.
Finns, Ugric peoples and Turks
One more inhabitants of Russia are Finns. Most often they live in independent counties. The Finnish group includes Finns, Estonians and Karelians. They inhabit the northwestern parts of Russia. The Far North of the Russian Federation is inhabited by Ugrian people. These include Khanty and Mansi.
Another large language group that lives in Russia is the Turks. These include Tatars, Bashkirs and Yakuts. Most often they live in the north of the state. The number of Tatars living in the country is more than 5 million, Bashkirs - 2 million, and Yakuts - 390 thousand.
As we found out earlier, a large number of the most diverse national minorities live on the territory of the Russian Federation. All languages are equal. However, Russian is the state language. By the way, more than 150 different nationalities live on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Religious composition of the Russian Federation
The most popular religion in the Russian Federation is Christianity. The number of representatives is 74% of the total number of residents of Russia. This number includes Catholics, Protestants and Orthodox.
Another large religious denomination in the territory of the Russian Federation is Islam. The number of residents with this religion is 7%.
State territory of Russia, as we saidearlier, densely populated by a wide variety of religious denominations. Buddhism occupies the third place in terms of the number of representatives. Today, the number of citizens of this religion is 400 million. On September 26, 1997, the Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted a decree "On freedom of choice of religion." This bill allows you to choose your own confession.
Regions of the Russian Federation
The state territory of Russia includes 89 regions. Each of them has its own representation. According to this year's statistics, the most densely populated region is Moscow and the region. The number of people living there is more than 15 million citizens. The second place in terms of population is occupied by the Krasnodar Territory. The number of residents is 5 million.
If we talk about the federal districts, then the most densely populated is the Central. It has almost 40 million inhabitants. The second place is occupied by the Volga Federal District. 29 million citizens live there.
Population of the Russian Federation
Today the total population of the Russian Federation is 146 million inhabitants. It is worth emphasizing that this figure has increased by 0.18% since last year. The increase occurred in all districts, except for the Volga. The most noticeable increase in population occurred on the Crimean peninsula. There, the percentage of residents over the past year has increased by 1.25%.
Few people know, but it was not possible to recalculate the population for 2014. This isdue to the addition of two new entities. As we said earlier, these are the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol. Speaking of population growth, one cannot but mention the birth rate statistics. Its ratio was 13 newborns per 1,000 inhabitants.
In 2014, an interesting count was made. Rosstat calculated the current life expectancy. According to statistics, today it is an average of 73 years. It should also be noted that the population in the territory of the Russian Federation is distributed extremely unevenly. Most of the citizens live on the European continent. It makes up only 20% of the entire territory of the Russian Federation.
National politics
Understanding national politics will help our article and geography. The territory of Russia is characterized by the presence of a large number of representatives of religious confessions and national minorities. Almost every one of them is interested in what rights citizens of other countries have on the territory of the Russian Federation. According to the Russian Constitution, adopted in 1996, the state guarantees absolute equality regardless of nationality, religion or language. Also, every citizen has the right to speak his own language. On it, he can also receive training.
It is worth noting that propaganda of superiority on any national grounds is prohibited on the territory of the Russian Federation. This is confirmed by Article 29 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. This decree provides for punishment for violation. These are either pen alties, which range from 100 to300 thousand rubles, or a term of imprisonment of up to three years. In many countries it is 5 years. By the way, recently the Government of the Russian Federation has been considering the option of tightening measures, and it is possible that the bill will come into force soon.
Knowledge of the national language
As we said earlier, the territory of the Russian Federation is densely populated by a wide variety of national minorities. Rosstat conducted a population census six years ago. According to statistics, 94% of citizens were fluent in Russian. In 2002, their number was 99%.
The largest number of citizens of other nationalities who live on the territory of the Russian Federation and speak Russian are Chechens. Also in 2010, a large number of citizens were interviewed. Rosstat tried to find out what language they consider native. According to statistics, more than 5% of citizens of other nationalities consider Russian their language.
Summarize
As we said earlier, the Russian Federation is a multinational country. This is due to the fact that the state has a fairly large area. The Russian Federation borders on 16 countries. The Russian government is quite loyal and tolerant towards citizens of other nationalities. There are a large number of bills that make their life on the territory of the Russian Federation comfortable. Moreover, it is on the territory of Russia that there are not only 11 time zones, but also different climatic zones. If you wish to change your state andmove to the Russian Federation, then you can safely do it. Here everyone is taken care of, regardless of nationality and religious affiliation.
