All parts of speech are usually divided into independent and service parts. The first ones are the most important.
They are the basis of linguistic diversity. The latter perform an auxiliary function. These parts of speech include conjunctions. In Russian, they serve to link independent parts of speech. There are also specific rules for their use. In addition, such parts of speech can be divided into types. What are unions in Russian? You will find the answer to this question below.
What are alliances?
In Russian, this part of speech is designed to connect homogeneous members, as well as parts of a complex sentence, and at the same time express semantic relationships between them.
Unlike prepositions close to them, unions are not assigned to any case. All of them are classified according tovarious grounds. So, according to their structure, unions are divided into two types: simple and compound. The former consist of one word (or, too), while the latter consist of several (because, since).
Main classification
There is another reason for dividing the unions into types in the Russian language. The table fully reveals the essence of this classification.
| Types of unions depending on the functions performed | |||
|
Writing (serve to connect both homogeneous members and parts of compound sentences) |
Subordinate (connect the main and subordinate parts in a complex sentence) |
||
| Connectors | And, yes, too, no-no, also | Explanatory | To, like… |
| Causal | Because, because… | ||
| Disgusting | Yes, ah, but, however, however | Targeted | To, then to… |
| Temporary | When, barely… | ||
| Conditional | If, when… | ||
|
Separation |
Or, either, this, or something, not that, not that | Concessions | Although let… |
| Comparative | Like… | ||
In addition, all conjunctions can be divided into non-derivatives (and, how) and derivatives, that is, formed from other parts of speech (despite).
Punctuation moments
There are special rules according to which it is determined whether any punctuation mark should be applied or not. As a rule, it is most often a comma. It is always placed before the union, but never after.
It should be noted that despite the similarity of some parts of speech, the same rules cannot be applied to them. Thus, the conjunctions and prepositions dotting the Russian language, although they have much in common, are still characterized differently. Let us return to the rules established directly for the part of speech that interests us. So, a comma before unions is needed if they are adversative (“She didn’t get angry, but even screamed”), paired (“Whether it will snow, or rain”) or subordinating (“I will come if you call"). In addition, this punctuation mark is needed if it separates parts of a complex sentence (“Spring has come, and starlings have arrived”). If the union connects homogeneous members, then a comma is not required ("Green and blue balls rushed into the sky"). These are the general rules for using this part of speech in writing. If, when writing, there is a comma before the union, then a pause should be made in speech at this place.
