The education system of the Russian Federation has undergone significant transformations in recent decades, one of them was the introduction of exams in a new format - the GIA and the Unified State Exam - into the final certification of students. What is KIM, as well as other intricacies of the exam, read in this article.
Attestation system of the 90s of the XX century
So, a modern student completing a course of basic general education must at the end of training show the skills and abilities that will characterize the level of his knowledge. The state final certification at school is quite different from similar tests in the period of the 90s of the last century. Then it was enough to write an essay on the Russian language and complete the assignment in algebra as compulsory exams and choose two or three general education subjects at your discretion.
The examination committee, composed of school teachers, accepted the answers of the subjects and gave them a verdict based on the answers they heard or saw. The procedure for the final exams for the course of the basic secondary school was practically the same - there were also mandatorysubjects (Russian language and mathematics) and subjects to choose from. According to the cumulative result, students received a certificate of graduation and could try their hand at a higher level of education, where education had to pass entrance exams. What is KIMS at that time? Everything is quite simple - these are tickets for which you had to prepare.
Reform process
There was one flaw in this well-established system: students from remote settlements often, for various reasons, could not afford to get into face-to-face tests at the country's leading universities. Then it was decided to change the format of the exams themselves - instead of final and entrance examinations, an intermediate version appears, combining both the first and second ones without the need to travel directly to the university's home base. Thus, the idea of greater accessibility of quality education was realized. This is how the Unified State Exam appeared, and the method of certification has also changed. Since 2002, as an experiment, it has started in some regions of Russia. All exam tasks were divided according to the degree of difficulty into three groups: part "A" - test tasks, part "B" - comparison and logic, part "C" - detailed answers. That's what KIMY USE is at the moment. Until 2008, this method of testing graduates of educational institutions was tested on the territory of our country, and since 2009 it has become mandatory for the final test of students' knowledge. For ninth grade graduates, tasks are built according to the same model, but their number is reduced - this is what GIA KIMS are for incomplete secondaryeducation.
Two-Level Exam
Checking and measuring materials (that's what CIM is) were compiled taking into account all the necessary competencies of the student, and as a result there were about thirty tasks, their number varies depending on the subject. Especially for their creation, specialists from different industries from all over the country are involved, as a result, selection takes place, and all possible options get their continued existence in the exams.
The assignments are compiled and edited by the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements. Thus, the tests should reveal the readiness and ability of the student to study at the university. The system is constantly being improved. Along with the Unified State Examination, similar tests for the 9th grade course began to be gradually introduced (what are the GIA KIMs for this level, we considered earlier), this is also an examination in the form of tests and detailed tasks. The differences between the two levels of the exam are in the degree of difficulty and the number of final tasks.
What is KIMI USE
Now let's analyze in detail the actual content of tasks in all sections of the exam. As mentioned above, all questions in KIMs are divided into three groups. This is done on purpose so that the inspectors can objectively assess the abilities of students. The test part is the simplest and does not require great mental effort, however, it is also evaluated by the lowest scores. In order to successfully pass the final tests, the solution of this part alone is indispensable, the maximum possiblethe score for this part in different disciplines does not exceed 25. The second group of tasks is already much more difficult and allows you to identify the basic and specific skills and knowledge of the student. It is evaluated variably, however, in general, the total number of points for this part is higher. Finally, the most difficult questions are found in the final part of the exam. Successful completion of this type of tasks, together with the previous groups of questions, allows you to get 100 points and indicates a high educational level of the person who solved the KIM. What it is, now it’s clear, in fact, these are combined tasks.
The hardest part of the exam
Let's dwell on the tasks of group "C" in more detail. If the first two parts reveal the level of formation of abilities of increased educational potential, if parts "A" and "B" can be called variable tests, then the final tasks are full-fledged complex assessment tools. At the same time, this type of questions is also used in the certification of specialists when applying for a job or when taking advanced training courses. This was not done by chance, competencies allow a person to effectively understand the formulation of the problem and ways to solve it, the entire educational process is aimed at this. Combining different types of tasks, it is possible to most deeply reveal the degree of intellectual development of both a graduate and a specialist. Now it’s clear what are KOSs and KIMs in the modern educational environment?
GIA Technology
Now let's take a lookthe procedure for passing both levels of the exam, primarily the GIA. A student completing the 9th grade of a school is required to pass two mandatory exams and several optional ones at the end of the training. To conduct tests, the authorities and educational authorities form examination points (as a rule, these are several schools to which all students of a certain municipality are attached), where everyone must come with a passport and a pass. After that, all schoolchildren are divided into classrooms and two test technicians are attached to each, then, in the presence of all interested parties, the packages with tasks are opened. Each of them is assigned a number, in exact accordance with the number of those taking the exam (this explains what the KIM number is), while the possibility of substituting the option is excluded. In case of incorrect filling of the title page of KIMs, the work is recognized by the commission as invalid, therefore, special attention is paid to the briefing before the start of the exam.
Tightening and innovations at graduation tests
Recently, due to the increasing cases of violations of the test procedure, the conditions have been somewhat tightened. One of the latest innovations was the online broadcast of the exam, and this applies to both the GIA and the USE. It is strictly forbidden to use mobile phones and other technical means during the exam, for any violation the student can be removed without the right to further pass final tests. Small indulgences are allowed in relation to the ninth graders, however, for those completing the 11th grade, they are completely excluded. Each exam, depending on the disciplinea strictly defined amount of time is allotted, after which the work is handed over, recorded and sent for further verification. The announcement of the results is made after ten working days from the calendar date of the GIA or the Unified State Examination. There is also an appeal process that can take place in case of disagreement with the student's final examination results.
Choose your own destiny
Summarizing, we can say that the most important part of human life is learning. Its different stages make it possible to identify certain inclinations and preferences in different people. It already depends on them how to develop these abilities and put them at their service, and the final certification allows you to avoid annoying mistakes in the training of specialists and mobilize a person to achieve their goals. The main logic of any exam is the maximum possible analysis of knowledge in order to correct it.
We have analyzed in sufficient detail the tasks that make up the KIMS, what it is, the procedure and the requirements of the exam. Now you can understand that the final assessment is the most important stage in the life of every young person.
