Prepositions in Russian are a service part of speech. As a rule, they stand before nouns and clarify the meaning of what was said. It is very important to be able to distinguish prepositions from adverbs and nouns, since such errors are very common in the unified state exam.
Prepositions in Russian: classification
Prepositions have their own complex classification, which is simply necessary to know. So, the classification is not even one. The simplest is the division by origin: the prepositions of the Russian language are derivative (in continuation, according to, thanks to) and non-derivative (because of, on, in). Derivative prepositions are often confused with nouns. Also, do not forget that the letter -E- is written at the end of the prepositions: for an hour, BUT during the river, for a month, BUT in the continuation of the story. This part of the prepositions is very complex and, as a rule, causes the greatest difficulties for students. All prepositions in Russian can be divided according to one more feature: meaning. It is worth noting that this service part of speech helps to see the dependence of words in a sentence or in a phrase. So,prepositions in Russian can be spatial, that is, point to a place (for example, under a tree, near a road, around a table, under a chair). Also, prepositions are temporary, that is, they indicate a time period (for example, in half an hour, during the past month, until the evening, do in a year, by five o'clock).
The next classification item is causal prepositions, which, therefore, define or indicate the cause (for example, due to events that have occurred, due to illness, due to rain, to tremble from the wind). The fourth subdivision can be called prepositions indicating a goal, that is, target. They traditionally include pretexts for the sake of, for, for (for example, for the sake of a brother, for the Motherland, for the good of the Fatherland, to stop for a rest). The penultimate point can be called prepositions of the mode of action, they, like adverbs of the same type, indicate and designate the image and a kind of emotional coloring of the action: for example, work with joy, speak without errors. And the last point of classification is additional prepositions. They are pointers to the object to which any action is directed. For example, forget about a promise, talk about a holiday, take an exam in geography. It is worth noting that the same preposition can act in different meanings, since everything depends on the context of the events taking place. We must not forget that prepositions are not members of the sentence, but are included in their composition. For example, the phrase "before dinner" in the sentence "I read a book before dinner" would becircumstance (noun + preposition).
Prepositions in Russian play a very important role. They express dependence, determine the time, show the purpose and indicate the reasons for the events taking place. Knowing the classification of prepositions and the rules for writing them is very important for every person, since gross errors can distort the meaning of the whole phrase.
