Very often throughout the world you can find numerous different accumulations of water. As a rule, they are formed in depressions of the earth's surface. Therefore, the questions arise: “Reservoirs - what is it? What is the cause of their occurrence? In order to answer them, you need to get acquainted with such a science as hydrology. It studies all possible interactions of water with the environment, as well as the phenomena occurring in it. Some of the results obtained by hydrologists are used in navigation and warfare on water streams.
A body of water is a place where liquid accumulates with little or no runoff. Often this place is artificial and natural depressions. If we take into account the broad meaning of the word, then seas and oceans are also called water bodies.
Types of water bodies
Reservoirs are divided into several types according to various factors. According to their time of existence, they are divided into permanent and temporary. The latter occur only in a certain seasonal interval for a certain period of time.term. For example, puddles and oxbow lakes that appear as a result of the spring flood of large rivers. According to the method of formation, reservoirs are artificial and natural. Artificial include pools, ponds, reservoirs, dams.
Reservoir - these are waters that differ from each other in their chemical composition, content of trace elements and other biological substances. Also one of the important indicators is the accumulation of s alts. It is by this factor that the types of reservoirs are determined. They are divided into fresh and s alty. Each of them corresponds to a certain flora and fauna.
Lake
A lake created by nature is an accumulation of water in a deepening of the land. It has no mouth and source, and is not any part of the oceans. The water in it is mostly stagnant, without a pronounced current. Food occurs mainly due to groundwater, less often rain and snow. The lake is a special body of water. This is due to the fact that sometimes it is it that gives new life to the rivers, preventing them from drying up. In terms of its size and characteristics, the lake occupies a middle place between a pond and a sea. There are more than 5 million of these bodies of water on the planet, which together cover 1.8% of the land.
The largest lake in the world is the Caspian Sea. It does not have a drain, it is located on the border of Asia and Europe. Water has a high s alt content, which ranges from 0.05% to 13% depending on the areas.
Staritsa
Such accumulation of water is a fickle phenomenon. howusually formed during spring floods. The oxbow is located in the floodplain of the river. It is constantly flooded. The river, changing the direction of the channel, leaves deep depressions. Subsequently, it is they who serve as the place of origin of the old woman. The old woman is a full-fledged reservoir. This can be argued by its characteristics and the absence of flow. Often it has a shape similar to a sickle or loop. Due to the fact that the waters of the river stop flowing into the oxbow lake, it still exists as a lake for some time. Subsequently, sand and silt are constantly brought into it, and after a certain period of time it turns into a damp meadow, a swamp, or completely dries up.
Pond
A common body of water is a pond. It is created by man in order to store water reserves, which over time are used for irrigating the land, sports, sanitary needs, breeding different types of fish and birds. In them you can often find ciliates or crustaceans. Here, carp, trout, silver carp and stellate sturgeon are most often bred. As a rule, ponds are water bodies whose area exceeds 1 million m3. Previously, near each village, which is poorly supplied with water resources, there was a pond, often created by the inhabitants themselves. Food is carried out thanks to rain, ground, less often river waters. Sometimes ponds are used to clean nearby rivers from various kinds of pollution.
In water bodies, biological, physical and chemical processes are carried out in different ways. This is due to the respectivecharacteristics of types.
Unfortunately, the opinion that a river is a body of water is erroneous. She is a stream. The main difference is that in all watercourses there is a current, which, in turn, affects the formation of flora and fauna.
