Interaction of people is always an exchange of certain information. We ourselves may be the party that transmits the information. But all other objects of the surrounding world are also data sources.
In this article we will consider in more detail the issue of information transfer. Let's find out what the essence of the process is and who (or what) can be an information translator.
Concepts
In the topic "Information and information processes" the main terms are the basic terms: source, receiver and channel. These concepts are interconnected and exist in different variants of interaction. Let's take a closer look at them.
Information sources (as the party that transmits information is called) are, in fact, all objects of the surrounding world. Each has a set of specific properties that are informative.
Living objects of nature can transmit data verbally (through speech, voice) and non-verbally (through gestures, facial expressions, body plastics). It can be said that any party that transmits information isinformation source.
Receivers are all living beings, as well as technical devices capable of receiving information, processing it and storing it in one form or another. First of all, these are people, animals. Even plants are able to receive some information from the environment and adapt to specific conditions.
Transmission channels are the most important concept to understand. There are the following types:
- biological;
- technical;
- one-sided and two-sided.
Sense Organs
Biological information channels are vision, hearing, smell, touch, taste. It is thanks to them that a person and many living beings receive and process some data from the environment in which they are located.
The largest amount of data (90%) a person receives through vision, the second most important is hearing. The rest of the senses are used to a lesser extent.
Computer science deals with the study of data exchange methods, the party transmitting information is most often called the source in it.
Examples
Let's take a closer look at how information is exchanged. The party transmitting information broadcasts it in one way or another. For example, a teacher teaches learning material in class. This happens through speech, gestures, facial expressions and other ways.
The recipients of information in this example are children - students of the school. They acquire knowledge through the organs of hearing and sight. channeltransmission in this case is, in fact, airspace. Through it, sound waves and visual images reach the receivers.
Bodily contact can be an information channel. For example, you can slap a person on the shoulder in a friendly way, or you can hit them hard. The receiving party will clearly distinguish one information (positive communication) from another (negative, aggression).
Technical devices
The most obvious example of a party transmitting information is a variety of technical devices (translators). The process can be in this case one-sided and two-sided.
TV, radio, traffic lights are unidirectional sources that transmit the data stream to a person (receiver). Next comes the work with information (receiving, memorizing or processing).
Computer is a modern technical "miracle" capable of interacting with the user. It can work both in one direction - to broadcast video materials, sound, text, graphics, and in two directions.
An example of two-way interaction between a source and a receiver is a computer game. A person can also transmit data to a machine, and the PC turns into a receiver, begins to process them and, if necessary, save them. That is, the computer is able to "react" to human actions.
The same example can be software tools for processing graphics, editing video and audio files, as well as ordinary text editors.
